17 



C3WS the urine contains a greater amount of water and a lesser 

 amount of solids. The specific gravity of the urine of the sheep 

 ranges from 1015 to 1060 ; that of the pig from 1005 to 1025, and 

 of the dog from 1016 to 1060, depending upon the diet. Cat, 

 1020 to 1040. 



The specific gravity may be ob- 

 tained in different ways. The sim- 

 plest and most usual way is to employ 

 the instrument known as the urin- 

 ometer. Some urinometers are not 

 strictly accurate, but they may be 

 tested by filling the urinometer jar 

 with distilled water at 15° C. (60° F.) 

 Read the division of the scale corre- 

 sponding with the surface of the 

 fluid looking above or below the 

 meniscus as is found to be the most 

 correct for the zero reading. Always 

 adhere to this method when using 

 the same urinometer. Test the spe- 

 cific gravity of the urines and make 

 the necessary corrections. If the 

 urine is warmer than 15° C. add 1 to 

 the last right hand figure of the spe- 

 cific gravity for every 4 degrees of C. 

 temperature, or for every 7 degrees 

 __ of extra F. temperature. As oppor- 



tunity presents, test the specific grav- 

 ity of some warm, freshly passed 

 urine. Test the same urine later, 

 when cool, and note if any difference 

 in the reading. 



Urinometers already corrected for the ordinary room tem- 

 perature (70° F.) may be obtained, in which case the temper- 

 ature corrections may be omitted. If the urine should be too 

 dense to read easily on the urinometer, dilute it with an equal 

 volume of distilled water and multiply the reading by two to 

 get the correct specific gravity. The variation of the specific 

 gravity depends upon the amount of the solids in the urine. 

 The amount of solids may be estimated with approximate 



