8(1 



Another Heat Test. Fill a test tube about one-third 

 full of water and boil it. Add a few drops of the sus- 

 pected urine. If albumin is present a cloudiness or 

 coagulum will appear, according to the amount of albumin 

 present. 



Heller's Cold Nitric Acid Test. Pour some of the 

 urine gently upon the surface of some nitric acid in a test 

 tube. A ring of white coagulum occurs at the junction of 

 the two fluids. If the quantity of albumin is small, the 

 coagulum may not occur for a few minutes. A brown zone 

 will frequently be seen at the point of contact due to the 

 action of the acid upon the coloring matters of the urine, 

 but it does not give any turbidity unless albumin be 

 present. 



Millard-Eobert 's or Nitric Magnesian Test. The 

 reagent is as follows: Nitric Acid, 1 part; Sat. Sol. Mag- 

 nesium Sulphate, 5 parts. Use as in the preceding test. 



Picric Acid Test. (Johnson's). Fill the test tube 

 half full of urine. Slightly incline the tube and gently 

 pour down its side about 2 cc. of a saturated solution of 

 picric acid, so that it may come in contact with the upper 

 layer of the urine. Place the tube in an upright position. 

 A layer of coagulated albumin will appear at the line. of 

 junction. The coagulation of- albumin takes place at once^ 

 and is thus not easily mistaken for precipitated urates, 

 which require soihe time for their precipitation and dis- 

 appear on the application of heat. 



Ferrocyanide Test. To/ 2 ec. of acetic acid in a test 

 tube add 4 cc. of a 5% solution of potassium ferrocyanide. 

 Mix them and add 10 cc. of urine. A precipitate will ap- 

 pear if albumin be present. No heat is required. 



A test equally as good is that proposed by Zouchloss 

 in which potassium sulphocyanide is substituted for the 

 ferrocyanide. 



Sugar in the Urine. Dextrose or glucose exists in the blood 

 from 0.8 to 1.25 parts per 1000. When a greater amount than 

 3 parts per 1000 exists, the excess is excreted through the kidneys. 

 It is maintained by many that a trace of dextrose is normally 

 present in the urine and may appear in slightly larger quantities 



