152 



HORSESHOEING. 



A punch is furnished which, when driven u^ to its head in 

 the holefs of the heated shoe, insures a proper width and shape 

 of the hole and an accurately fitting calk. 



The calks may be removed by an extractor (Fig. 169) 

 having at one end a thread which is screwed into a correspond- 

 ing thread on the inside of the hollow calk, when by a fer\v 

 hammer blows on the shoe the calk loosens. To prevent the 

 calk becoming choked with dirt, a piece of cork is thrust into 

 the hollow. It may be easily removed by means of the cork- 

 screw at the other end of the extractor. 



5, Shoeing with Peg Toe-Calks, — These are an invention 

 of considerable worth, especially for heavy draft in hilly 

 country. They render better service on 

 hind than on front shoes. 



Peg toe-calks with a single tap are 

 simpler and preferable to those with two 



Fig. 169. 



Fig. 168. 



Hollow - spring peg -calk, 

 No. 12. 



Peg-puller. 



taps. Every known contrivance to prevent the occasional loss 

 of the peg toe-calk is impractical. 



The shoe for a peg toe-calk should be of good tough ma- 

 terial and without a flaw. The toe of the shoe should be about 

 one-twelfth to one-tenth of an inch thicker than the branches. 



The hole for the peg toe^calk, whatsoever its shape may be, 

 must be smooth and uniform, with clean, true comers. Semi- 

 circular holes should present the convex side towards the toe. 



Before punching, draw up the toe-clip. A punch-plate with 

 a good-sized hole, and a tap which will fit into the square hole 

 in the anvil will facilitate the work. The punch-plate when 



