198 



HORSESHOEING. 



deficient in length, raise tliem by swelling the branches or by- 

 low heel-calks. 



The shoe may be open, or a bar-shoe, or a short shoe with 

 a rubber frog- and buttress-pad. Whatever expands the quarters 



closes a toe-crack. The Defay's 

 ^^^^^^^ ^'.""i.^^^: .,,^. shoe (Fig. 206), or the Chad- 



wick spring beneath a rubber- 

 pad, or beneath a bar-shoe with 

 leather sole, if the frog be much 

 shrunken, will be of service. The 

 shoe should fit air-tight, except 

 for an inch or so on botli sides 

 of the crack. Two lateral toe- 

 clips (Fig. 217) are drawn up, 

 and the wall between these clips 

 is cut down from a twelfth to an 

 eighth of an inch. 



After the shoe has been nailed 

 on tight the toe-crack should be 

 immobilized. The best method 

 is by buried nails. Slots are burned or cut on opposite sides 

 at a distance of an inch from the crack. With a spiral drill 

 (see Fig. 218) bore a hole from a slot at right angles to the 



Toe-crack immobilized by lateral toe- 

 clips: a, bearing-surface left free from 

 pressure; b, heads of the rivets (nails) 

 driven through holes previously drilled. 



Fig. 218. 



uu/7r7 rm^^z^r^. 



Spiral drill for boring the hole into which a round wire nail is driven to fasten a toe-crack, 

 (a) three sided point of drill (similar to the point of a stilet of a csecal trocar). 



crack. Make a similar hole on the opposite side. Make the 

 holes continuous by introducing a straight hot wire. The rivet 

 may be an ordinary round wire nail which has been softened 

 by bringing it to a yellow heat and allowing it to cool slowly. 



