EVOLUTION OF THE RASPBERRY 191 



Stoever, and removed to his garden at Tacony, near Philadelphia, 

 where it first fruited in 1859. The Brandywine, or Susqueco, as it 

 was at one time called (Susqueco being the Indian name for 

 Brandywine), is of unknown origin. It first attracted attention in 

 the Wilmington market, and was for a time called Wilmington. 



We are accustomed to boast of the marvelous progress in all 

 lines of American development. What advance can we show in 

 the improvement of the raspberry? Some, to be sure, but most of 

 it has been mere accident. In looking up the history of varieties 

 it is the same story over and over again — " a chance seedling 

 found growing wild, etc." Nearly all of our prominent varieties 

 have originated in this way. A few men have gone to work system- 

 atically to breed and develop varieties. The first and most 

 prominent of these was Dr. William D. Brinckle, of Philadelphia — 

 a busy physician, who, having a taste for pomology, pursued it as 

 a means of recreation from other duties. He experimented with 

 strawberries and pears, as well as with raspberries. So important 

 was his work in th,ese lines that he seems to be much better re- 

 membered for that than for his medical reputation, although he 

 was successful and prominent in this field also. He was president 

 of the American Pomological Society at its second session, and for 

 many years vice-president of the Pennsylvania Horticultural 

 Society, repeatedly refusing its presidency. Unfortunately his 

 work on raspberries was with the Bubus Idoeus species, and most of 

 the varieties which he produced have suffered the fate of the class 

 to which they belonged; yet he obtained in Brinckle's Orange the 

 variety which has stood as the desideratum to be sought in quality 

 to the present day. Another who achieved good results in this 

 line was David W. Herstine, of Branchtown, near Philadelphia, 

 the originator of the Herstine, Saunders, Ruby and Elizabeth rasp- 

 berries; yet these were simply seedlings of the Allen, grown in 

 alternate rows with the Philadelphia. William Saunders, of 

 Ontario, has also produced a number of varieties, some of which 

 are said to be hybrids. 



Good as the varieties are which we have, we want further im- 

 provements. Nothing is good enough to satisfy human demands. 

 We want back all we have lost in giving up the raspberry of our 



