262 BUSH-FRUITS 



works chiefly in the morning and evening, seldom being seen in 

 the middle of the day. 



Its offspring next makes its presence unpleasantly noticeable 

 as a small, soft, tarnished white worm, remaining on the fruit of 

 the red raspberry when it is gathered. It is usually found within 

 the cup or cavity of the berry, and is difficult to detect. This 

 can only be done by carefully examining the berries one by one, 

 though even then many of the smaller worms are likely to evade 

 the keenest search. 



When full grown, the larva drops to the ground, often with the 

 berry, no doubt, hides under any convenient rubbish, forms a little 

 cell in the earth, and changes to a hairy pupa of a pale, dull 

 yellowish color. Here it remains during the winter, transforming 

 to the perfect beetle about the middle or latter part of May, 

 and emerging in time to carry on its destructive work in the 

 blossom buds. 



Remedies. — Spraying with Paris green, not too strong, using as 

 much lime as Paris green, just as the buds are developing, will 

 probably check its ravages to a great extent. 



d^ The Red-necked Cane-borer (Figs. 36, 37) 



Red-necked Agrilus. — Gouty-gall Beetle 



Agrilus ruficolis, Fabr. — Order Coleoptera: Family Buprestidse 



Walsh and Riley, Amer. Ent. 2: 103, 128. 



Saunders, Rep. Ent. Soe. Ont. 1873: 8. Ins. Inj. Frts. 307. 



Lintner, N. Y. Rep. 6: 123. 



Smith, Spec, Bull. N, J. Exp. Sta. N: 4. 



Horn, Trans. Amer. Ent. Soc. 18: 289. 



Hopkins, Bull. W. Va. Exp. Sta. 15. Ann. Rep. 3: 160. 



Webster, Bull. Ohio Exp. Sta. 45: 191. 



In winter and spring the canes of raspberries and blackberries 

 often show one or more comparatively small and regular swellings, 

 an inch or more in length, the outer portions being roughened with 

 brownish slits and ridges. They are rarely more than one-third 

 thicker than the normal cane, and are caused by the work of a 



