CHAP. II. HAMBURGHS AND LEGHORNS. 601 



Andalmians. Sometimes called the Blue Spanish, for witli the 

 exception of the white face it is the same in all other respects. The 

 colour of the plumage is deep blue on the breast, the rest of the body a 

 deep slate blue, with lacing of darker colour, save in the cock, where 

 the hackle and sickle is of a rich glossy black, or a deep purple. It is 

 fairly hardy, but does not stand unfavourable conditions so well as do 

 some other breeds, and should not be kept in confinement. 



Hamburghs. Of these there are five colours, namely, the Blacks, the 

 Gold pencilled, the Gold spangled, the Silver pencilled, and the Silver 

 spangled. The blacks and the two varieties of spangles have been bred 

 in Britain for generations, chiefly in the counties of Lancaster and 

 York, and they are at once exceptionally good layers, in fact, the 

 best layers we have, and beautiful birds. The pencilled varieties 



Fig. 156. Pile Leghorns. 



Introduced by Mr. G. Payne, Woking. 



come to us from Holland, where they, or the progenitors of our much 

 improved pencilled Hamburghs, are called Campines. For the reason 

 already stated they are not to be recommended for farmers. 



Leghorns. The most important of the Mediterranean races, splendid 

 layers, moderate for the table, and very hardy. At first there were 

 only two colours, but these have been greatly added to since the time 

 of their introduction, about thirty years ago. In addition to black 

 and white, the varieties now known are brown, buff, chamois, cuckoo, 

 duck wing, pile (fig. 156), and rose-combed. The browns and the 

 whites are the most popular, the others being variations which are 

 chiefly of interest to those who keep poultry for the sake of pleasure, 

 though one or two may become more popular. The white is self- 

 coloured, the brown has markings like black-red game fowls. All 

 have yellow legs. At a recent meeting of the Newcastle Farmers' 

 Club (November, 1890), a large Northumbrian farmer stated that his 



