CHAP. i. DISPOSITION OF HOMESTEAD. 651 



produce, home or bought, are prepared as food for stock. It will thus 

 be seen that there exists what may be called a cycle or circle of opera- 

 tions to be done, beginning with the stacking of the grain and ending 

 with the manure pit or shed, for the due carrying out of which there 

 are various apartments and courts, and all of these should be placed in 

 that relationship to one another which will best and most economically 

 secure the carrying out of the work to be done. 



But there is still another point or principle, and one which is very 

 frequently forgotten or overlooked by some designers of farms, or with 

 which not being practically conversant with the necessities and 

 requirements of modern farming they are not acquainted. It is that 

 the homestead should only have those apartments which are absolutely 

 necessary for the carrying out of the operations of the farm for which 

 they are intended. This is such an obvious common-sense principle 

 that it is strange it should ever be overlooked. It is of no use nay 

 it is worse than useless to supply, for example, accommodation for 

 dairy work, in a steading where dairy cows are not kept, or, if they are 

 kept, only to the extent of two or three, or perhaps even one, and that 

 merely to supply the needs of the farmer's family. 



It is palpable, however, from the nature of our work, that we cannot 

 even glance at, far less fully describe in detail, all the peculiarities of 

 the various classes of steadings suited to the requirements of the 

 different modes of farming. We must content ourselves and indeed 

 the aim and object we have in view will thus be fully met with select- 

 ing what may be called, two " representative plans," by the detailed 

 examination of which we shall obtain subjects to illustrate and 

 describe, and these will involve a discussion of all the various apart- 

 ments and structures necessary for our readers to be acquainted with. 

 These plans are : (1) a mixed husbandry farm ; (2) a dairy farm. The 

 Mixed Husbandry mode of farming is admirably adapted to afford a 

 representative plan, because, as its name indicates, it embraces nearly 

 every kind of farm practice in the kingdom. Taking this, then, as a 

 representative plan, the following is a brief description of the apart- 

 ments required for it, and of the relationship which these bear one to 

 another. 



To the north of the building is placed the stack-yard. Parallel to 

 and along the southern side of this is a long range of buildings, of 

 course running east and west, as shown by a b in the diagram (fig. 189). 

 In the centre, and most safely and conveniently outside the wall of this, 

 are placed (1) the "fuel house," and (2) the boiler house; at this point 

 there is a long range of buildings, c d, at right angles to the range a b 

 named above as running east and west, this second range c d running 

 from north to south. The first apartment in this is (3) the engine-room. 

 Next to this is (4) the corn barn, and then (5) the straw barn. At the 

 end of this is (6) a root store, having a door leading to (7) the boiling or 

 cooking house, next to which is (8) the food store for oil-cake, grain, 

 and artificial foods ; and this north and south range, is finished off with 

 (9) a second root store. Here, then, we have two ranges formed like the 

 letter ~|~, the leg of which c d is north and south, the arms c b, c a, east 



