CHAP. i. COVERED YARDS. 663 



duced. The first (fig. 192) is that erected on the farm of Team, of 

 which the extent is 1,160 acres. The soil is almost wholly that adapted 

 for barley and turnips, to which is added a small proportion of irrigated 

 or water-meadow land. 



In fig. 193 we give the ground plan of Mr. Timms's farm-steading, 

 erected on his farm at Framley, Surrey, near the Farnborough Station. 

 The farm is remarkable for its poor soil, being in fact part of the 

 extensive sandy and dreary tract of land known as Bagshot Heath. 

 Yet, by high farming, by the liberal use of manure, by the exercise of 

 the greatest care in cultivation, and by keeping a large stock of animals 

 to the 250 acres, 60 oxen, 350 sheep, 70 hogs, and 20 horses which 

 yield large supplies of dung, Mr. Timms succeeded in raising his poor 

 sandy farm to the highest degree of fertility ; so that it yielded double 

 and in some cases treble the amount of crops obtained upon other farms 

 in the same neighbourhood. 



A dairy-farm steading which has long been regarded as a " model 

 one" is that of Liscard, Cheshire, the property of Mr. H. Littledale. 

 Of this we give, in fig. 194, an illustration. 



Covered Farm Steading. In fig. 195 is shown the ground plan of a 

 partly covered homestead, built from the designs of Messrs. Baily 

 Denton, Son, & North, on a Northamptonshire farm of 270 acres, of 

 which 150 acres are arable, and 120 acres pasture. The " Agricul- 

 tural Gazette " thus describes this homestead : 



" It provides stall, box, and yard accommodation for 50 beasts, 

 standing for 9 horses and 4 cows, a calf pen, three pigsties, and two loose 

 boxes, with a shelter shed and yard, available either for horses or for 

 young stock, all in easy and direct communication with the cutting and 

 mixing-floors. And there is abundant room for housing implements 

 and for storing and dressing corn. The special feature in the home- 

 stead is the covered yard, which is provided with ample ventilation and 

 light. It consists of a wide centre span, with lean-to roofs therefrom, 

 the space between the top of the roof to the eaves of the centre span 

 being filled in with thick glass louvres, as are also the fanlights over 

 the large front sliding doors. The stalls, boxes, and yard are well 

 supplied with water from a cistern in the mixing-floor, which is fed by 

 gravitation from a spring on higher ground. The walls are built of 

 stone lined with brick, and the buildings, with the exception of the 

 covered yard, are roofed with local slates. By making the utmost use 

 of materials from old buildings previously on the same spot, the cost of 

 this homestead barely exceeded 2,OOOL" 



Fig. 196 is the ground plan of a covered homestead near Metford, on 

 a farm of 1,240 acres, of which about 1,000 acres are arable, and 240 

 acres pasture. The buildings were erected for a portion of the farm 

 lying at a distance from the main homestead. They are of brick with 

 tile roofs, and were designed and built by Messrs. Baily Denton, Son, 

 & North, the contract amount being 1,720Z. As the land is light it is 

 well adapted for sheep, of which a large breeding flock is kept. Beasts 

 are fatted in the yards, stalls, and boxes during the winter, by which 



