688 



THE COMPLETE GRAZIER. 



BOOK VIII. 



running from end to end of the piggery, so that the covered pen may 

 be kept clean and well littered, and in order that the pigs can be seen 

 when desired. 



The plan in fig. 225 shows the arrangement of the principal piggery 

 of Mr. Tommas. The sties are built on three sides of the yard, with 

 the south side open, so that they are sheltered from the cold winds, 

 and the mid-day sun shines into the centre yard. There is a passage 

 all round with sliding ventilators, which are opened or closed accord- 

 ing to the weather. The doors in front also have slides. The build- 

 ing materials are brick and timber. The floors are laid with blue bricks, 



Fig. 226. Piggeries at Clapham Park Farm, Bedford. 



A, farrowing sties. B, sties for young pigs, c, sties for boars. D, shed and yard for 

 sows in pig. E, boxes for pigs or calves. F, boxes used for farrowing or for sows with 

 litter. G, feeding and exercise yards, brick-paved. H, ^boiling-house. I, steaming appa- 

 ratus and flour-bins. J, egg-shaped boiler. K. copper furnace. L, passage. M, water- 

 troughs. Sheds marked 1 and 2 are enclosed. Sheds marked 3 and 4 are open in front. 



set on edge in cement, so that the water runs off and the floors cannot 

 be rooted up. For the large breed, Mr. Tommas considers the best 

 size of sty is about 16 ft. by 10 ft., a size suitable for a large sow and 

 family, or for six large ones for feeding or rearing. About one-half of 

 the sty is raised by a stage made of common planks, on which the 

 litter is spread. In each sty there is a cast-iron trough, about 2 ft. in 

 diameter, of the shape of a saucer, which the pigs cannot upset, and 

 which is easily cleaned. 



In the piggeries at Clapham Park Farm, Bedford, of which a plan is 

 shown in fig. 226, the troughs are in the feeding yards, not in the sties, 

 and each pen of pigs is let out to feed separately. The following 

 description of them was given by Mr. James Howard, in the " Journal 

 of the Royal Agricultural Society": "My piggeries are upon a well- 

 drained site with a southern aspect : they have plenty of fresh air and 



