708 



THE COMPLETE GRAZIER. 



furrow, the bottoms of furrows should be cut off Hush with one another. 

 The great object to attain is that the furrow side of the slice shall not 

 be deeper than the land side, for this causes the subsoil to be broken 

 out, thus bringing up, in many instances, obnoxious weeds and inferior 

 subsoil ; moreover, it adds very much to the horse-labour, as, instead of 

 the furrow being cleanly cut by the share and coulter, so as to only need 

 turning over, there is a piece to be broken and lifted out. The trapezoidal 



Fig. 254. Ransome's Swing Plough. 



furrow is the easiest to turn, but others, leaving a level horse-walk, are 

 the best for drainage purposes. 



Swing ploughs have long been and still are the favourites in Scotland 

 and the northern districts of England, although many wheel ploughs of 

 English make are being gradually introduced, and are to be met with in 

 districts where but a few years ago not one was to be seen. This would 



Fig. 255. Ransome s Wheel Plough. 



seem to corroborate the view suggested in the next sentence. The dis- 

 tinction would appear to be that, for well-cultivated lands, free from 

 stones and obstructions, the wheel plough is the best ; while for those 

 lands which abound in stones, which are greasy when wet, so that the 

 wheels clog, and which are not what are termed free-working soils, the 

 swing plough is more generally used. However, wheel ploughs are more 

 simple to hold, and, except on land where it is impossible to run them, 



