CHAP. vi. OIL MOTOR IMPLEMENTS. 739 



A great number of prizes have been awarded to it after trials in 

 different parts of Great Britain and other countries. The makers state 

 that in trials they have found that about 6 acres of medium soil can 

 be ploughed by the motor 7 inches deep in nine hours, at a cost for 

 fuel, lubrication, labour, wear and tear, and renewals of less than 5s. 

 per acre. 



A more recent introduction is the Marshall oil motor, illustrated in 

 fig. 301a, and manufactured by Messrs. Marshall, Sons, & Co., of Gains- 

 borough. This motor has created a very favourable impression in public 

 trials and private use : and has already been awarded prizes in this and 

 other countries. It is made in different sizes, and one of thirty actual 

 horse power weighs about 4^ tons. The makers state that a motor of 

 this size will draw a four-furrow plough in stiff clay, cutting 7 in. to 

 8 in. deep and 10 in. wide, and getting over 6 acres in ten hours, 

 or cultivating 12 to 20 acres in ten hours, according to the character of 

 the soil ; or it will haul a load of 10 tons on a good road at a speed 

 of 6 miles per hour, or drive a 4 ft. 6 in. threshing machine, with 

 chaff-cutter and blower. 



A third introduction of like character is the " Universal " motor, in- 

 vented by Messrs. H. P. Saunderson & Co., of Bedford, illustrated in 

 fig. 30 Ib as drawing two sheat'-binding reaping machines. This motor, 

 like those named above, is applicable to ploughing, cultivating, and 

 various other farm purposes, and road traction. It also has been 

 awarded many prizes. 



It is impracticable to enter into the special advantages claimed for 

 each of these inventions ; but each has particular merits, and only pro- 

 longed competitive trials in various kinds of work could prove which 

 is the best on the whole. Whether oil motors for land cultivation and 

 general farm work will come into common use, only time can determine. 

 It is obvious, however, that for many odd jobs which at present can be 

 done only by horses, these comparatively light and handy motors can 

 be used when there would be no thought of using ponderous steam 

 engines. 



CHAPTER VII. 



REAPING AND MOWING MACHINES HAY-MAKING MACHINES CARTS 



AND WAGGONS. 



J^E APING MACHINES. About the beginning of the last century 

 the first attempt was made to employ machinery for the purpose 

 of reaping corn; but it was not till 1851, the year of the first "Great 

 Exhibition," at which a machine, the design and make of McCormick, 

 of the United States, was exhibited, that a real practical interest was 

 taken in this department of agricultural machinery. Since then there 

 has been an uninterrupted flow, so to say, of new inventions and im- 



