TURBO. TURBAN. 225 



mouth, strongly and regularly stri ate the whole length in a 

 rather oblique direction, with twelve or thirteen rather 

 raised and well defined volutions : aperture somewhat or- 

 bicular, much compressed at the upper part, and a little so 

 at the base ; the lips rather thick, white, and reflected, and 

 -the margin connected all round ; pillar-lip prominent, de- 

 tached from the body, with two white tooth-like folds near 

 each other: length three-quarters of an inch; breadth a 

 fourth of its length. 



It differs from the last, in not being transparent in its re- 

 gular striae, and the angle of the aperture not joining the 

 larger volution. 



Woods in Wiltshire, at the roots of trees, v. m. 



82. Turbo nigricans. Dark Turban. 

 Pennant, pi. 85. f. 3 Dorset Cat. pi. 19. f. 10. 

 Turbo bidens. Montagu, pi. 11. f. 7 



Turbo perversus. Donovan, pi. 72. 



Shell taper, blackish or dark chocolate-brown, opake, 

 finely and regularly striate longitudinally in a rather oblique 

 direction, a little swollen above the mouth, with eleven or 

 twelve very little raised but well denned volutions : aper- 

 ture roundish-oval, compressed at the upper part into an 

 oblique angle, where it is detached from the body volution ; 

 the margin whitish, obtuse, but not flattened nor reflected, 

 behind which are two raised ridges on the back with a de- 

 pression between them, and a deep groove down the side of 

 the lip where the teeth are placed : the teeth are two mem- 

 braiiaceous folds, seated deep in the mouth ; one of them 

 prominent, the other more interior and less distinguishable: 

 length about half an inch ; breadth a fourth of it length. 

 Old shells become grey. 



It differs from the last and the next, in color, in the mar- 

 gin of the aperture not being flattened nor reflected, and 

 in the ridges behind the mouth. 



Shady woods, under stones, and in old walls, v. v. 



83. Turbo labiatus. White-lipped Turban. 

 Montagu, pi. 11. f. 6 Da Costa, pi. 5. f. 15 Dorset 



tV.pl. 21. f. 15. 



Shell taper, light brown, opake, a little swollen above 



the 



