22 



HISTORY AND DEVEXOPMENT 



condensed milk factories in European countries, with headquar- 

 ters at Cham, Switzerland. 



Up to the early eighties of the last century, sweetened con- 

 densed milk was the only condensed milk that was put on the 

 market and sold in hermetically sealed cans, while unsweetened 

 condensed milk was manufactured and sold open, largely direct 

 to the consumer, in a similar way as market milk. The purity 



rig-. 5. Fan Boom in Factory of Borden's Condensed Milk Co. 



and keeping quality of this unsweetened condensed milk, how- 

 ever, were greatly superior to market milk. 



Early in 1885 the Helvetia Milk Condensing Company was 

 organized at Highland, Illinois. This company confined its 

 efforts exclusively to the manufacture of evaporated milk (un- 

 sweetened condensed milk, sterilized by heat and sold in her- 

 metically sealed cans). While, for several years before the or- 

 ganization of this company, the possibilities of producing a 

 sterile unsw r eetened condensed milk were essayed in laboratory 



