22 BIRDS OF EASTERN MASSACHUSETTS 



143. Pintail; ' Sprigtail ; " "Gray Duck" 



Ddfila acuta (Linne). Uncommon M., rare in spring. Feb.) 

 Mar. 8 - April 3; Sept. 11 - Dec. 21. Fresh and salt water. 



144. Wood Duck ; Summer Duck Aix sponsa 

 (Linne). Uncommon M. and rare S. R., accidental in 

 winter. Diminishing in numbers. Mar. 10) 20 - April 

 30; summer; Sept. 15 - Nov. 18 (winter). Freshwater 

 streams and ponds. Nest in hollow tree, rarely on ground. 

 Eggs, April 23 - May 10. 



146. Redhead. Marila americdna (Eyton). Rare 

 M., more frequent in autumn; and rare W. R. on south 

 coast, apparently increasing in numbers. Mar. 6- April 8; 

 Oct. 4- Dec. 21 (winter). Fresh and salt water. 



147. Canvas-back Marila valisineria (Wilson). Rare 

 M. ; common and increasing in numbers at Marthas Vine- 

 yard. Mar. 11-31; Oct. 19 - Dec. 18 (Jan.). Fresh and salt 

 water, but especially in ponds containing wild celery (Val- 

 lisneria.) 



148. Scaup Duck; Greater Scaup; " Blue- 

 bill ;" " Widgeon" Marila marila (Linne). Rare spring 

 and common fall M.; local W. R. Mar. 27 - May 1; Sept. 

 18 - Dec. 26; winter. Fresh and salt water. 



149. Lesser Scaup Duck ; " Little Bluebill." 

 Marila affinis (Eyton). Rare spring and common fall M.; 

 rare W. R. on south coast. Mar. 2 - April 14 (May); Oct. 

 8 - Dec. 6 (winter). Salt and fresh water, the latter more 

 frequently. 



150. Ring-necked Duck Marila colldris (Dono- 

 van). Rare M. Mar. -April; Oct. 4- Nov. 30. There are 

 now several records for Essex Co. Fresh and salt water, 



151. Golden-eye ; Whistler Cldngula clangula 

 americdna Bonaparte. Common M. and W. R., chiefly 

 coastwise. Oct. 8 -May 1 (summer). Fresh and salt 

 water; often in rivers and creeks of salt marshes by day, 

 going out to sea at night. 



152. Barrow's Golden-eye Clangula isldndica 

 (Gmelin). Rare W. V. coastwise. Dec. 7 -Feb. 22. 



153. Buffle-head ; " Dipper" Charitonetta albeola 

 (Linns'). Uncommon M. and rare W. R. Mar. 11 -April 

 8; Oct. 9- Dec. 23 (winter). Fresh and salt water. 



1 54. Old-Squaw ; Long-tailed Duck ; Old Wife 

 Harelda hyemdlis (Linne*). Common, often abundant M. 

 and W. R., rare inland. Oct. 10- May 22 (June 17). Salt 

 and fresh water. 



