56 BIRDS OF EASTERN MASSACHUSETTS 



CORVID^E. CROWS, JAYS, ETC. 



477. Blue Jay Cyanocitta cristdta cristata (Linne*). 

 Common M. and R., most conspicuous in winter. Orchards, 

 shade-trees, and woods. Nest in tree. Eggs, April 28 - 

 June 15. 



484. Canada Jay Perisoreus canadensis canaden- 

 sis (Linne). Accidental from North. Summer; Oct. 



*486a. Northern Raven Corvus corax principdlis 

 Ridgway. Accidental V. No recent occurrences. 



488. Crow Corvus brachyrhynchos brachyrhynchos 

 Brehm. Common R., often abundant W. R. near coast, 

 sometimes forming l roosts." Everywhere. Nests in pine- 

 trees. Eggs, April 15 -June. 



*49O. Fish Crow Corvus ossifragus Wilson. Casual 

 from South. Mar. 16 -July 16. Along sea-coast and large 

 streams. 



STURNID^E. STARLINGS. 



Mr. R. B. Mackintosh reports that a lone female has 

 nested in Peabody for two or more years, usually appear- 

 ing in March. 



[493, Starling Sturnus vulgdris Linne. Likely to 

 invade the district at any time, and establish itself as a 

 P. R. in cities and towns.] 



ICTERID^E. BLACKBIRDS, ORIOLES, ETC. 



494. Bobolink; Skunk Blackbird Do lichonyx 

 oryzivorus (Linne). Common M. and S. R., locally abun- 

 dant. April 27) May 1 - Sept. 29. Grassy meadows and pas- 

 tures. Nest on ground. Eggs, June 1 - 8. 



495, Cowbird Molothrus dter ater (Boddaert). Com- 

 mon M. and S. R. ; rarely winters. Mar. 1) 11 -Nov. 21 

 (winter). In flocks perched in orchards or on scattered 

 trees, or walking about in roads and pastures, often near 

 cattle. Eggs placed in nests of other birds. May 15 - July 1. 



*497. Yellow-headed Blackbird Xanthocepha- 

 lus xanthocephalus (Bonaparte). Accidental from West. 

 Sept. - Oct. 



498. Red- winged Blackbird Agelaiusphwniceus 

 phceniceus (Linne"), Common, locally abundant, M. and S. 

 R., rarely wintering. Feb. 26) Mar. 6 - Oct. 20 (Nov. 28, 

 winter). Swamps and marshes; flocks of males in early 

 spring give operatic entertainments in tree-tops; on hay- 



