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fighting. Let the front be supplied with one window in every 

 eight linear feet, and each window be supplied with a closely 

 fitting wooden shutter to be closed on cold nights. Shingles 

 make a warmer outside covering for the buildings than clap- 

 boards. Tarred paper or building paper put on under the 

 shingles will save the heat. 



It is surprising how few farmers breed any water fowl. 

 They all possess plenty of pasture land that yields them little 

 or no income which if used as grazing land for geese would be- 

 come one of the most paying portions of the farm and steadily 

 increase in fertility. Most people have the idea that to keep 

 water fowl access must be had to a pond of water. This is by 

 no means necessary as they grow just as well, are just as 

 thrifty, and fatten much more readily, when not allowed this in- 

 dulgence. Geese are distinctly grazing birds ; and, if abundant 

 pasturage is furnished, will be no trouble or expense to any one. 

 In fact they prefer vegetable food in general to grain. On a 

 farm where all kinds of crops are raised, there need be no 

 outlay whatever in rearing goslings to the fattening period, 

 and then a few bags of corn will go a great way. Goslings 

 grow like weeds, you can almost see them grow so that, if well 

 fed, at the age of six or seven months, they are well nigh full 

 formed. The old goose will lay on an average forty or fifty 

 eggs during the season. The first clutches may be given to 

 hens to incubate and the last to the goose herself, unless she is 

 very large and heavy when it will be better to give this one 

 also to a hen. The goslings are quite tender for the first week 

 or ten days but can be raised with good success, if proper at- 

 tention is paid to their food and shelter. A piece of sod cov- 

 ered with short tender grass is excellent for them, and all food 

 in the shape of grain should be cooked. They must have dry 

 quarters and be kept in in the morning, until the dew is dried 

 up and be protected from all storms until their permanent 

 feathers are well grown. With these precautions, the rearing 

 of goslings is not difficult. There are only two breeds worthy 



