No. 4.] MARKET MILK. 39 



With these simple and inexpensive precautions, milk may 

 be kept sweet for two weeks, and certainly at the ordinary age 

 of delivery should be a safe and wholesome food for any one. 

 At 10 or 12 cents a cpiart, it is about as economical a food as 

 can be purchased. 



In certified barns there are many more things that must be 

 done, such as rejecting the first two streams from each teat ; 

 washing the hands in antise]^tic water before milking each 

 cow; milking through absorbent cotton; carrj'ing into a room 

 one hundred feet froui the stable, and straining and straining; 

 all attenda^nts wearing laun<lered suits ; cows tuberculin tested, 

 and groomed and scrubbed until they are sore ; watchman to 

 carry all droppings from the barn as soon as dropped ; tiled 

 milk room, marl)le wash basins and expensive stables. These 

 things are idee, may add a little to the safety, but are not so 

 important as the simple operations previously mentioned. 

 They are what makes the milk cost, and probably must be done 

 to make the customers, paying a long price, feel that they are 

 getting their money's worth. 



]^OAV, remember the four essentials of producing market 

 milk : the man must be a dairyman ; the cow, a dairy cow ; 

 the feed, sufficient and adapted to dairy feeding; and the mar- 

 ket price, a little above the cost of production. 



Question. Why does it cost more to take care of a cow 

 giving 10,000 pounds of milk than of one giving 4.000 ? 



Mr. PiERPOXT. A cow giving 1G,000 pounds of milk 

 would consume nearly $110 worth of food, wdiile the poorer 

 cow might be maintained for $45. Then there is the slightly 

 increased expense of caring for the good cow, caused by the 

 extra time taken in milking and feeding. I have tried to be 

 wholly fair to the poor cow, and think that if anything there 

 is more diiference between her and the good cow than I have 

 indicated. These figures are approximations; I have no 10,- 

 000-pound cows, so cannot speak from actual experience. 



Mr. Burton W. Potter. Why is it that you haven't 

 them? Isn't it because there are not many of them to be 

 had ? 



Mr. PiERPONT. There are not many because there is not 

 the demand for them; the milk producers are not willing to 

 pay those prices. 



