1911. 



PUBLIC DOCUMENT — No. 31. 



139 



Polarization after Hydrolysis. 



Root 34, , 

 Root 40, , 

 Syrup A, 

 Syrup B, 

 Syrup C, 

 Extract 1, 

 Extract 2, 



Invert Sugar 



iu 100 Cubic 



Centimetera 



(Grams). 



.893 

 1.189 

 1.381 

 1.4G1 

 .452 

 .936 

 2.350 



Saccharimeter 

 Reading. 



—2.33 

 —4.10 

 —3.45 

 —5.25 

 —1.30 

 —3.00 

 —7.80 



Specific 

 Rotatory 



Power 

 (Degrees). 



— 4S 

 —59 

 —49 

 —62 

 —49 

 — 55 



The action on polarized light both before and after inversion 

 excludes the possibility of the carbohydrate being pnre sucrose, 

 while the failure to secure it with strontium hydrate renders its 

 al)sence probable. 



Fructose was clearly demonstrated by the osazone and the 

 negative optical activity, also by fine reactions with resorcin 

 and hydrochloric acid. Glucose is indicated by the osazone and 

 the fact that the specific rotatory power of the inverted solu- 

 tions is not high enough for pure fructose. Fructose clearly 

 predominates over the glucose, and the non-reducing property 

 before hydrolysis indicates some condensation product formed 

 between them. The behavior of individual root extracts does 

 not point to any fixed proportion of the two sugars. 



These results are, on the whole, in close agreement with those 

 of Wichers and Tollens. There was, however, a marked differ- 

 ence in the behavior of the water extract of the roots, which con- 

 tained the sugar-like carbohydrate. Wichers and Tollens used 

 boiling water, and state that only a portion of this carbohydrate 

 was soluble in water w^hen extractions were made on the water 

 bath. Their solutions also reduced Fehling's solution before 

 hydrolysis. 



My extractions were all made with water at 20° C, and until 

 liydrolized, had either no reducing action or precipitated no 

 more than traces of copper. 



This difference in solubility and reducing action is doubtless 



