1911.] PUBLIC DOCUMENT — No. 31. 213 



evidently not able to withstand the hot dry summers of the 

 middle west. 



Esopus. — This is an old variety, but one that has never 

 been very largely cultivated. This may be partially accounted 

 for by the fact that the tree is not particularly vigorous nor es- 

 pecially productive, and is somewhat susceptible to diseases. 

 The apple is of suj>erior quality, being much better than the 

 Baldwin, which it considerably resembles. It has been grown 

 somewhat in the Champlain and ]\Iohawk valleys. It is an 

 apple of limited cultivation for the Baldwin belt. Gould says, 

 regarding its behavior in Virginia and Xorth Carolina : — 



At lower levels it usually drops prematurely, and even on Porters 

 black loam at 2,000 feet elevation it often rots and drops seriously. At 

 3,000 to 3,500 feet altitude in North Carolina, on a rather loose loamy 

 soil with porous subsoil containing more or less red clay, it develops 

 more satisfactorily, keeps well into the winter, and does not manifest in 

 any marked degree the defects observed at the lower levels.^ 



It has recently attained high favor with the growers in cer- 

 tain portions of the Pacific northwest. In our opinion this 

 variety is deserving of wider cultivation inasmuch as it is an 

 excellent variety for all purposes. In fact, so far as the fruit 

 goes we believe that none of the better known varieties of com- 

 mercial apples answers so well the requirements of a general 

 purpose market apple. When well grown it is of good size and 

 attractive appearance, and is adapted for both dessert use and 

 cooking. It is also a reasonably good shipping a])ple. It re- 

 quires the better care and higher cultivation which orchards 

 are destined to receive in the near future. 



RJiode Island Greening. — The distribution of the Rhode 

 Island Greening is very similar to that of the Baldwin, but is 

 perhaps adapted to somewhat wider range of conditions; being 

 a green apple it does not call for conditions adapted to the pro- 

 duction of good color necessary for the Baldwin, It attains 

 better size and appearance than the Baldwin when grown 

 towards the northern limit of its culture. It is possibly some- 

 what hardier in tree. It is grown all through the north central 



> Bureau of Plant Industry, Bulletin 135, p. 34. 



