32 VARIETIES OF THE HUMAN SPECIES. 



meet them in the great desert of central Asia, where are found 

 the Calmuck and other Mongolian tribes that are still wanderers : 

 almost all the tribes of the eastern part of Siberia belong to them ; 

 but the most remarkable nation composed of men of this race, is 

 the Chinese, whose vast empire claims to have been civilized be- 

 fore the rest of the world. Corea, Japan, the Marian Isles, the 

 Caroline Isles, and all other lands which extend to the north of 

 the equator, from the first named of these archipelagos to about 

 the 180th degree of east longitude, are also peopled by the Mon- 

 golian races. Also, the inhabitants of the Aleutian Isles, and 

 of the neighbouring part of the west coast of America, belong 

 to this great division of the human species. 



16. The Malays, who occupy India beyond the Ganges, and a 

 great part of the Asiatic archipelago, constitute, according to some 

 naturalists, a variety distinct from the Mongolian and Caucasian ; 

 but most authors regard them as the offspring of the two races. 



17. Finally, the Mongolian races appear to be spread through 

 the northern region of the two hemispheres, for all the mixed or 

 mongrel tribes met with from North Cape, in Europe, to Greenland, 

 who are known under the name of Laplanders, Samoides, Esqui- 

 maux, &c., bear a strong resemblance to them. 



18. A third, and very distinct branch of the human race, is 

 the ETHIOPIAN, or NEGRO VARIETY, (I'latc 1,/fy. 3.) characterised 

 by the compressed skull, the flattened nose, the projecting muzzle, 

 thick lips, crisped hair, and skin more or less black. It is confined 

 to the south of mount Atlas, and appears to be composed of 

 several very distinct races or tribes, such as the Mozambique, the 

 Bocbisman and Hottentot. 



19. The primitive population of Australia, and of the numer- 

 ous archipelagos of Oceanic'a or Polynesia, is also a black race, 

 which bears a considerable resemblance to the negroes of Mozam- 

 bique, but their hair, although coarse, is straight ; of the barba- 

 rous and miserable people to whom the name of Alforians, or 

 Alfores has been given, we- have very little knowledge. 



20. Finally, the aborigines of America are regarded by some 

 naturalists, as belonging to neither of the three varieties of the 



1C. What parts of the world are inhabited by Malays ? To what variety 

 do they belong ? 



17. To what variety do the La panders, Samoides and Esquimaux belong 1 ? 



18. How is the Ethiopian variety characterised ? What are the principal 

 tribes of this variety ? 



19. In what respect do the primitive inhabitants of Australia and Polynesia 

 differ from the Ethiopian variety ? What is known of the Alforians ? 



20. Do the inhabitants of America form a distinct variety or race of the 

 human family? What are the characteristics of Americans ? 



