EXAMPLE OF A CONVEESION. 183 



the degree of promise held out by these second class 

 standards ; he will always remember that, if they 

 can maintain themselves through only a single period 

 they will be unquestionably much more useful than 

 they actually are. 



As the young crops are gradually uncovered by the 

 final cuttings, nothing more is necessary than to 

 carry out the improvement cuttings prescribed for 

 high forests. Only there is occasion for still 

 greater care in making the cleanings, in order to 

 impede the development of stool shoots. 



CUTTINGS PEEPAEATOEY TO BEGENEEATION. 

 These cuttings are made in the block which is to 

 be regenerated during the following period. Their 

 object is to protect and assist seedlings of valuable 

 species which may exist in the underwood, and poles 

 which will be able to aid reproduction or be useful 

 in creating sufficient shade. Unless they are in full 

 decay, the old coppice standards should be preserved 

 in the preparatory cuttings. The only way to con- 

 tribute to the main end in view is to resort to a little 

 branch-lopping. 



We have thus in reality to execute improvement 

 cuttings, at one time cleanings, at another time 

 thinnings, according to the age and composition of 

 the crops operated upon. But when they assume 

 the character of thinnings they ought to follow the 

 rules laid down for thinnings in a mixed crop, that is 

 to say, they may include poles that overtop others, 

 or are overtopped themselves, according as it is this 

 or that species which it is expedient to reserve. 

 These cuttings then are rather difficult to carry out, 



