192 ELEMENTS OF STLVICULTUEE . 



forehand, so as to restrict as much as possible the 

 passage of carts through the young crops. This 

 is obviously impossible in the case of large logs, the 

 only alternative here is to transport them by the 

 safest means that can be devised. On level or very 

 gently sloping ground, limbers consisting of high 

 wheels may be used with advantage. The log is sus- 

 pended by its middle or rather its centre of gravity 

 by means of a stout chain, while a man walking 

 behind prevents it from trailing along the ground. 

 By this method the only damage done is that caused 

 by the wheels, but the seedlings, which they bend 

 down, get straight again afterwards. The employ- 

 ment of limbers and horses may be avoided by using 

 portable square frames, standing from eight to twelve 

 inches above the ground, and fitted above with fixed 

 parallel rollers, working in sockets. The log to be 

 transported being placed on the rollers of two such 

 frames, it is pushed on to a third frame placed in 

 front, and so on. 



RULE III. The object of the third Rule is prin- 

 cipally to insure the preservation of reserved trees. 

 Its importance is considerable both in high forest 

 and coppice, in the first to obtain reproduction, in the 

 second to enable the different classes of reserves to 

 reach a ripe age. Reserves are chiefly exposed 

 to being uprooted or broken off by the wind, and 

 hence it is of the highest consequence to leave a 

 mass of old untouched forest between them and the 

 dangerous winds. By this means the wind simply 

 passes overhead without doing them any harm. 



In France dangerous winds generally blow from the 



