NOTES ON THE FIXING OF THE DUNES. 267 



dunes, they are planted up with furze, which has 

 been completely successful, and with the Scotch pine 

 two or three years old. The pines are not put out 

 singly, but in tufts, or rather in sods, like turf, which 

 -fit exactly into the holes. Spades of a special 

 pattern are employed both to cut up the sods and to 

 prepare the holes. The cost is on an average three 

 guineas an acre inclusive of the covering of branches 

 of pine, furze and broom, which must be strewn over 

 the transplants for protection. It would appear 

 that the fixing of the Baltic dunes is attended with 

 greater difficulty than the analogous operations on 

 the Gascon Coast where the Cluster Pine is pre- 

 eminently adapted to the soil, and is a very hardy 

 grower. 



