36 



TRANSPLANTING TREES. 



land requiring no such practice to enable trees to produce abundantly ; 

 the forms are only seen in some small gardens, or when the useful 

 and ornamental are attempted to be combined, in training a tree to 

 hide some out-building or unsightly prospect. As the foregoing 

 principles are sufficient, connected with the illustration, to enable 

 almost any one to practice, we add only the terms by which each 

 form is known ; a, the herring-bone fan ; 6, the irregular fan ; c, the 

 stellate fan ; d, the drooping fan ; e, the wavy fan ; /, the horizontal ; 

 ff, the horizontal with screw stem ; h, the vertical with screw or 

 wavy shoots ; t, same with upright shoots. 



A 



Fig. 22. 



Labels. For nursery rows, the best are stakes of red cedar or 

 pine about eighteen inches long, and four wide, having one side 

 smooth, painted with white paint, or even oiled, and written on with 

 a soft lead pencil, and driven down one foot into the ground, at the 

 commencement of each variety. 



For standard trees, slips of wood three inches long and half 

 an inch wide, and either painted and written on as above or, 

 having the name burned in with iron type, which is better, then 

 secured to a side branch by strong copper wire ; are those most in 

 use. Labels are also made of sheet zinc, written upon with a mix- 

 ture of two parts (by weight) of verdigris, two of sal-ammoniac, 

 one of lamp-black, and thirty of water. The ingredients are to be 

 mixed in a mortar with a small portion of water at first, and the 

 whole added afterwards. Preserve the mixture in a well corked 

 bottle, shaking it repeatedly at first, and keep the cork downwards 

 to prevent the escape of ammonia, and it will remain fit for use for 

 years. 



If the pieces of zinc are suspended by copper wire it should be 

 firmly twisted round the zinc so as not to remain loose, or else the 



