64 THE APPLE. 



Angular, having projecting angles on the sides. 



One sided, having one side larger than the other. 



Ribbed (34,) when the surface presents a series of ridges and fur- 

 rows running from eye to stem. 



Of size Small as in Gilpin, medium as in Fameuse, and large as 

 in Rhode Island Greening. 



Of the meaning of many terms, as Calville, Pippin, Greening, &c., 

 there seems to be no certain definition beyond that of accepted 

 usage. Calville, generally intended to convey the idea of a fruit of 

 light specific weight, and somewhat ribbed or furrowed, especially 

 about the calyx. Pippin generally conveys the idea of a firm brittle 

 texture of flesh, in the apple ; while Greening is understood to imply 

 a breaking, tender character. Pearmain, to indicate a particular, 

 roundish, conical form, with an aromatic perfume in the flesh. 



Uses. The uses of the apple are so generally known, that it seems 

 superfluous here to mention aught of them. Aside from table 

 use, raw and cooked, making of cider, drying, &c., &c., the apple 

 deserves more attention as food for animals ; analysis having shown 

 that it is about equal to the potato in fattening properties. 



VARIETIES. 



CLASS I. Worthy General Cultivation. 

 AMERICAN PEARMAIN. 



American Summer Pearmain. | Watkin's Early. 

 Early Summer Pearmain. 



This variety rarely ripens earlier than September, and we there- 

 fore discard the word " summer." 



In the nursery, the growth of the tree is slow, and, as an orchard 

 fruit, it will not " pay." It cannot, however, be dispensed with for 

 supplying home wants, ripening gradually, as it does, during the whole 

 of September. The trees require thinning out of small branches ; 

 but, as it fruits mostly on the ends of branches, should never be 



