306 THE PEAR. 



dirt over the leaves early in morning, or while the dew is on, fol- 

 lowing up the application some four or five days. The frozen-sap 

 blight, etc., often so destructive to trees in the West, we have re- 

 marked on in previous pages, and refer thereto. 



Selection of varieties known to be permanently successful on the 

 quince. As we have before remarked, while there are a great many 

 varieties that at first take and grow well on the quince stock, there 

 are but few comparatively that are permanently successful. It there- 

 fore becomes the planter to select with care, and plant with a view 

 to permanence, only those that are known to succeed. Of the error 

 of planting indiscriminately, we have had practical experience, as in 

 planting the grounds of our present residence we looked to the test- 

 ing of varieties, and therefore ordered and planted one tree only of 

 a sort. On a double border so planted, containing over 200 sorts, 

 we have already, in three years, discarded one half, and feel confi- 

 dent that not more than one half of the remainder will answer to 

 continue permanently. As yet few or none of our American native 

 pears can be depended on when grown on the quince, and as all in- 

 troduced are of the quality described when grown on pear roots, 

 we advise most planters so to procure them. 



Of those known to succeed permanently when grown on quince, 

 the following may be selected : 



Summer Dean, Doyenne tfEte, \ Summer Franc Real, 



English Jargonelle, 



Madelaine, 



Long Green of Autumn, 



Beurre Diel, 



Glout Morceau, 



Bartlett, 

 Beurre d'Amalis, 

 Louise Bonne of Jersey, 

 Vicar of Wakefield, 

 Angouleme, Duchess of ditto, 



White Dean, White Doyenne, j Easter Beurre, 



Gray Dean, Gris Doyenne, Duchess of Orleans, 



Striped Long Green of Autumn, | Beurre of Anjou, 



Weary Soldier, Soldat Laboureur, Boussouck, Doyenne JBoussouck, 



Van Mons' Leon Le Clerc, j Passe Colmar. 



Gathering of the Fruit, and Uses. " Gather pears of the summer 

 sorts rather before they are ripe, as, when thoroughly so, they eat 

 mealy if kept above a day or two ; even when gathered as they 

 ought to be, in a week or less they begin to go at the core. They 

 should not, however, be gathered when they require much force to 

 pull them off. Autumn pears must also not be full ripe at the time 

 of gathering, though they will keep longer than the summer. 

 Winter pears, on the contrary, should hang as long on the trees as 

 they may, so as to escape frost, which would make them flat in 

 flavor, and not keep well. Generally they may hang to the middle 

 of October on full standards, a week longer on dwarfs, but yet not 



