BOOK I. 



LINN^EAN HORTUS BRITANNICUS. 



131 



number of florets in each spikelet; but in Arundo this Is of 

 no moment. Magnificent and valuable works on this family 

 have been published in Germany by the celebrated Sclireber 

 and by Dr. Host. The Ft. Grata also is rich in this depart- 

 ment, to which the late Dr. Sibthorp paid great attention. 

 Much is to be expected from scientific agriculturists; but 

 nature so absolutely, in general, accommodates each grass to 

 its own soil and station, that nothing is more difficult than 

 to overcome their habits, insomuch that few grasses can be 

 generally cultivated at pleasure It contains of Graminett, 

 Trichodium, Sporobolus, *Agrostis, * Knappia, Perotis, 

 *Polypogon, *Stipa, Trisetum, *Avena, *Bronius, *Fes- 

 tuca, *Triticum, *Secale, *Hordeum, *Elymus, *Lolium, 

 Koeleria, Glyceria, *Poa, Triodia, Calamagrostis, *Arundo, 

 *Aira, *Melica, Echinaria, Lappago, Eleusine, Chrysurus, 

 *C.vnosurus, Beckmannia, *Dactvlis, Uniola, *Briza, Cyno- 



*Phleum, Crypsis, 



don, *Milium, *Lagurus, > 



*Phalaris, Tozettia, Paspalum, Digitaria, *Panicum, ^uiu- 

 pogon, Pennisetuui, Saccharum, Rotbollia, Michrochloa, 

 ieersia. 50 Gen. 314 Sp. 



3. Trigynia is chiefly composed of little pink-like plants, or, 

 Caryophyllea;, as Hulosleum Tilla-a muicosa has the number 

 proper to this order, but the rest of the genus bears every 

 part of the fructification in fours. This, in Linnaean lan- 

 guage, is expressed by saying the flower of Tillasa is quadri' 

 iidiu, four cleft, and'T. mutcosa excludes, or lays aside one 

 fourth of the fructification It contains of Restiacea;, *Eri- 

 ocaulon ; of Portulacea, *Montia ; of Potugonca-, Kotnigia ; 

 ofCan,op/it/Hea:,*Holosteum, *Po!ycarpon, Mollugo, Minu- 

 artia, t^ueria, Lechea. 9 Gen. 12 Sp. 



CLASS IV. Tetrandria. Stamens 4. Orders 3. 



1. Monogynia. A very numerous and jarious order, of which 

 the Proteacea: make a conspicuous part ; Plantago, remark- 

 able for its capsula circumsfissa, a membranous capsule, 

 separating by a complete circular fissure into two parts, as 

 in Ceittunculus, Rubia, and others of its natural order, whose 

 stipulation is remarkable, and the curious Epintedittm, are 

 found here. It contains of Proteacea;, Petropnila, Isopogon, 

 Protea, Leucospermum, Mimetes, Serruria, Nivenia, Soro- 

 cephalus, Spatalla, Persoonia, Grevillea, Hakea, Lambertia, 

 Xylomelum, Telopea, Lomatia> Rhopala, Banksia, Dry- 

 andra; of Globulana; Globularia, Adina; of Rubiacea;, 

 Cephalanthus ; of Dipsacea;, *Dipsacus, *Scabiosa, Knautia ; 

 of Nyctaginea;, Allionia, Opercularia, Cryi'tospermum ; of 



R 

 Gali 



Spermacoce. *Sherardia, *Asperula, Houstonia, 

 Crucianella, *Rubia, Catesbaea, Ixora, PaTetta, 



Bouvardia, Siderodendrum, Chomelia, Mitchella, Coccocyp- 

 silum, Manettia, Oldenlandia ; of Rutacea;, Zieria; of tiofa- 

 nacece, Witheringia ; of Jasminea, Penasa ; of ..... 

 Curtisia; of Loranthticea, Ohloranthus ; of Verbenacets, 

 /Egiphila, Callicarpa ; of Ericea; Blaeria ; of Scrophulariiutt, 

 Buddlea, Scoparia ; of Gentianea, Exacum, Sebaea, Frasera ; 

 of Plantaginete, *Plantago ; of Primulaceoe, Centunculus ; of 

 Rotacea; *Sanguisorba, "Alchemilla; of Viiei, Cissus; of 

 Berberides, Epimedium ; of Caprifolia;, "Cornus ; of Terebin- 

 tacea, Fagara, Ptelea ; of Onagraria; Ludwigia, Isnardia ; 

 of Salicarite, Ammannia; of Hydrocharidece, *Trapa; of 

 Urticees, Dorstenia ; of Aroideie, Pothos; of Elosaeni, EltE- 

 agnus ; of Sanialacea:, Santalum ; of Thymeiece, Stru- 

 thiola ; of Clienopudea, Rivina, Camphorosma. 78 Gen. 

 420 Sp. 



2. Digynia. It contains of Caryophyllea;, BufFonia ; of .... 

 .... Hamamelis ; of Papaveracete, Hypecoum. 3 Gen. 

 5 Sp. 



3. Tdragynia. It contains of Rhamni, Myginda, *Ilex, some- 

 times furnished with a few barren flowers ; of Boraginete, 

 Coldenia ; of Alismacete, *Potamogeton ; of Naiades, *Rup- 

 pia ; of Caryophyllea; *Sagina, Moenchia ; of Sempervivas, 

 *Tilla3a; ofLinece, *Radiofa. 9 Gen. 35 Sp. 



CLASS V. Pentandria. A very large class. Stamens 5. 

 Orders 6. 



1. Monogynia. 1 Style. One of the largest and most important 

 orders of the whole system. It contains of Boraginea, He- 

 liotropium, *Myosotis, Lappula, *Lithospermum, Batschia, 

 Onosmodium, *Anchusa, * Cynoglossum, *Pulmonaria, 

 *Symphytum, Cerinthe, Onosma, *Borago, Trichodesma, 

 *Asperugo, *Lycopsis, *Echium, Tournefortia, Cordia, 

 Bourreria, Ehretia, Hydrophyllum, Ellisia ; Nolana ? of 

 Primulacea, Aretia, Androsace, *Primula, Cortusa, Solda- 

 nella, Dodecatheon, Cyclamen, *Hottonia, *Lysimachia, 

 *Anagallis, *Samolus, Coris, Diapensia, Pyxidanthera ; 

 of Encece, Cyrilla, Brosstea ; of Rhodoracece, *Azalea ; of 

 Epacridece, Sprengelia, Andersonia, Lysinema, Epacris, Mo- 

 notoca, Leucopogon, Stenanthera, Astroloma, Styphelia ; of 

 Phembaginea, Plumbago; of Convoluulacece, *Convolvulus, 

 Calystegia, Ipomoea, Retzia ; of Bignoniaceat, Cobcea ; of 

 Poltmoniaceoe, *Polemonium, Phlox, Ipomopsis, Caldasia; 

 of Buttneriacea:, Lasiopetalum ; of .......... Galax ; of 



of Thymeiece, Scopolia; of Campanulacea, Lightfootia, 

 *Campanula, Roella, Phyteuma, Trachelium, Jasione, 

 *Lobelia, Cyphia; of Goodenovits, Goodenia, Euthales, 

 Scaevola, Dampiera; of Rubiacea;, Cinchona, Pinckneya, 

 Mussaenda, Portlandia, Genipa, Gardenia, Oxyanthus, 

 Randia, Webera, Erithalis, Morinda, Nauclea, Cephaelis, 

 Hamellia, Rondeletia, Macrocnemum, Vanguiera, Dentella, 

 Serissa, Psychotria, Coftea, Chiococca, Paederia, Plocama ; 

 of Caprijiihie, *I-onicera, Symphoria, Diervilla, Triosteum, 

 *Hedera; of Cambretacex, Conocarpus; of Santalacece, 

 Thesium ; of tiyctaginece, Mirabilis ; of Solaneae, Ramonda, 

 *Verbascum, *Datura, Brugmansia, *Hyoscyamus, Nico- 

 tiana, Mandragora, *Atropa, Solandra, Physalis, Nicandra, 

 holanum, Capsicum, Cestrum, Vestia, Lycium ; of Myr- 

 tinea, Ardisia ; of Sapoteie, Jacquinia, Achras, Chryso- 

 phyllum, Sideroxylon, Sersalisia, Bumelia ; of Verbenacea, 

 Tectona; of Rhamni, Elaeodendrum, *Rhamnus, Zizyphus, 

 Celastrus, Senacia, *Euonymus, Hovenia, Ceanothus, Poma- 

 erns, Phylica ? ]irunia, Staavia, Plectronia ; of Diosmea, 

 Adenandra, Barosma, Diosma, Agathosma; of Pittosporece, 

 Calodendrum, Bursaria, Billardiera, Pittosporum, Itea; of 

 MelMf Cedrela, Leea ; of Terebintacea:, Mangifera ; of 

 Rosace<t, Hirtella; of Cacti, *Ribes ; of Vites, Vitis ; of 

 Cucurbitacea, Gronovia; of Gerania:? *Impatiens; of Urn- 



, na: mpaens; o rn- 



bjeric, Lagoecia; of Portvlaeea, Claytonia ; of Violets, 

 Viola, lonidium ; of Musacc*, Heliconia, Strelitzia ; of 

 Amarartkacea, Gomphrena, Pliiloxerus, Achyranthes, Pu- 



tmlia, Deeringia, Celosia, Lestibudesia, A Iternanthera, rua, 

 lllecfbrum, Paronychia, Anychia, Mollia ; of Chenopodea;, 

 Chenolea ; of Salicaria; *Glaux ; of Gentianea;, *Menyan- 

 thes, *Villarsia, Logania, Spigelia, Lisianthus, *(;hironia, 

 Sabbatia, Erythraea, Eustonia; of Malvaceae, Buttneria, 

 Ayenia; of Avoci/nnt; Strychnos, Gelseniium, HauwoKia, 

 Citrissa, Arduina, Cerbera, Allamanda, *Vinca, Nerium, 

 Wrightia, Echites, Ichnocarpus, Plumeria, Cameraria, Ta- 

 bernsErnontana, Amsoiiia. 209 Gen. 1080 Sp. 



2. Digynia. 2 Styles. It contains of Apocynae, Apocynum, 

 Melodinus; Asclcpiailea;, Periploca, Hemidesmus, Seca- 

 mone, Microloma, Sarcostemma, Dasmia, Cynanchum, 

 Oxystelma, Gymnema, Calotropis, Xysmalobium, Gompho- 

 carpus, *Asclepias, Gonolobus, Pergularia, Marsdenia, 

 Hoya, Stapelia, Piaranthus, Huemia, Caralluma ; of Ama- 

 ranthacetc, Herniaria ; of Chmopodeas, *Chenopodium, *Beta, 

 *Salsola, Kochia, Anabasis, Bosea; of Amentacea; *Ulmus ; 

 ot Saxifraeea, Heuchera ; of Caryophyllea; Velezia ; of Gen- 

 tianea:, *Swertia, *Gentiana ; of 'Com-olvulacea; Falkia. 

 Dichondra, Evqlvulus, Hydrolea, *Cuscuta; of Rubiacea.; 

 Phyllis; of A ralia-, Cussonia. 



Umbellifera. These are mostly herbaceous ; the qualities 

 ot such as grow on dry ground are aromatic, while the aqua- 

 tic species are among the most deadly poisons ; according to 

 the remark of Linnaeus, who detected the cause of a dreadful 

 disorder among horned cattle in Lapland, in their eating 



young leaves of Cicuta virosa, under water It contains 



*Eryngium, *Hydrocotyle, Spananthe, *Sanicula. *Astran- 

 tia, *Bupleurum, *Echinophora, Hasselquistia, *Tordylium, 

 *Caucalis, Artedia, Daucus, Visnaga, *Ammi, *Bunium, 

 *Comum, *Selinum, *Athamanta, Peucedanum, *Crith- 

 mum, Cachrys, Ferula. Laserpitium, *HeracIeum, *Ligus- 

 ticum, *Angelica, *Sium, *Sison, Bubon, *Cuminum, 

 *(Enanthe, *Phellandrium, *Cicuta, *^Ethusa, Meum, 

 *Coriandrum, Myrrhis, * Scandii, Oliveria, Anthriscus. 

 *Cha;rophyllum, *Imperatoria, Seseli, Thapsia, *Pastinaca, 

 *Smyrmum, *Anethum, *Carum, *Pimpinella, *Apium, 

 *-*gopodium. 93 Gen. 487 Sp. 



3. Tngynia. It contains of Terebintacea:, Rhus, Spathelia ; of 



:, *Viburnum, *Sambucus; of Rhamni, Cassine, 



Staphylea ; of Portulacea:, *Tamarix, Turners, Telephr , 



Corrigiola, Portulacaria ; of Euphorbia;, Xylophylla ; of Ca- 

 ryop/iyllece, Pharnaceum, Drypis; of Chenopodea;, Basella. 

 15 Gen. 85 Sp. 



4. Tettagyma. It contains of Capparidei f *Parnassia. 1 Gen. 

 3 Sp. 



5. Peiitagynia. It contains of Aralitt, Aralia; of Plumbaginece, 

 *Armeria, *Statice, a beautiful maritime genus, with a kind 

 of everlasting calyx; of Caryophyllea; f *Linum; of Cappa- 

 rides t *Drosera ; of Portulacea; Gisekia ; of Sempervivee, 

 Larochea, Crassula, a numerous succulent genus ; of TiKa 

 cece, Mahernia ; of Meliaceo>, Commersoma ; of Roiacete, 

 *Sibbaldia. 11 Gen. 131 Sp. 



C. Pulygynia. It contains of Raminculacea, *Myosurus, a 

 remarkable instance of few stamens (though they often ex- 

 ceed five) to a multitude of pistils ; also Ceratocephalus, 

 Zanthorhiza. 3 Gen. 3 Sp. 



CLASS VI. Hexandna. Stamens 6. Orders 4. 



1. Monogynia. This, as usual, is the most numerous. The 

 Liliaceous family, with or without a tpatha, called by Lin- 

 naeus the nobles of the vegetable kingdom, constitute its 

 most splendid ornament. The beautiful White Lily is 

 commonly chosen by popular writers to exemplify the sta- 

 mens and pistils. It contains of Pontederea, Pontedera . 

 of MiMacea?, Musa, Urania; of Bromelies, Bromelia, Pitcairnia, 

 Tillandsia, Agave, Furcro3a; of Commelinete , Tradescantia ; 



ricum, Arthropodium, Phalangiuni, Chforophytum, Caesia, 

 *Narthecium, Dianella, Eustrephus, *Asparagus, Drimia, 

 Uropetalon, * Hyacinthus, Muscari, Lachenalia, Dracaena, 

 Phylloma, Phormium, Hypoxis, Curculigo, Cyanella; of 

 AtnaryUidea;, Haemanthus, *Galanthus, *Leucojum, Stru- 

 maria, Crinum, Cyrtanthus, Brunsvigia, Amaryllis, *Nar- 

 cissus, Pancratium, Eucrosia, Doryanthes, Gethyllis; ot 

 Hemerocallidea:, Blandfordia, Agapanthus, *Hemerocallis, 

 Aletris, Tritoma, Veltheimia, Polianthes, Sanseviera, 

 Tulbagia, Brodiasa ? Aloe ; of Lilia, *Fritillaria, *Lilium, 

 *Tulipa, Alstrcemeria, Gloriosa, Yucca, Erythronium, 

 Uvularia; of Melanthacea:, Bulbocodiur 



Buonapartea ; of Berberideae, Diphylleia, Nandina ; of Smila- 

 ceas, Streptopus, *Convallaria, Smilacina, *Polygonatum, 

 Ophiopogon ; of Hamadoraceoi, Lophiola, Lanaria, Anigo- 

 zanthos ; of Berberidece, Leontice, Caulophyllum, *Berberis ; 

 of Aroideie, *Acorus, Orontium, Tupistra, Peliosanthes ; 

 Tacca ? of PalAue, Corypha, Licuala, Thrinax, Calamus ; of 

 Juncea;, *Juncus, *Luzula ; of R hamni, Prinos ; of Rubiacea;, 

 Hillia, Richardia ; of Campanulaceee, Canarina ; of Caryo- 

 phyllea; Frankenia; of Salicang, *Peplis; of Gramineec, 

 Bambusa, Ehrharta. 106 Gen. 730 Sp. 



2. Digynia has but few genera It contains of Graminea;, 

 Oryz'a, the Rice, of which there now seems to be more than 

 one species ; of Convolvulacea;, Falkia ; of Polygonea:, Atra- 

 phaxis. 3 Gen. 4 Sp. 



3. Trigynia. It contains of Polygonex, *Rumex ; ofJuncea- 1 

 Flage'flaria ; of Alumacea, *Scheuchzeria, *Triglochin ; of 

 Melanthacea:, *Tofieldia, Melanthium, *Colchicum, Helo- 

 nias, Nolina; of SmUaceat Myrsiphyllum, Medeola, Tril- 

 lium; of Naiades, Aponogeton ; of Paltrue, Sabal. 14 Gen. 



4. Polygynia. It contains of Menispennete, Wendlandia ; of 

 Hydro'charidca:, Damosonium ; of Alismacea;, *Actinocarpus, 

 *Alisma. 4 Gen. 9 Sp. 



CLASS VII. Heptandria. Stamens 7. Orders 4. 



1. Monogynia. It contains of Primulacea;, *Trientalis ; of 

 Pedicutares, Disandra ; of Nyctaginete, Pisonia ; of Chenopodea, 



*Petiveria; of Accra:, ./Esculus; of Jonesia; of 



Aroidete, Dracontium, Calla. 8 Gen. 21 Sp. 



2. Digynia. It contains of Portulacea, Limeum. 1 Gen. 1 Sp. 



3. Tetragynia. It contains of Naiades, *Saururus. 1 Gen. 



4. Heptagyma. It contains of Sempervivae, Septas, 1 Gen. 

 3 Sp. 



K2 



