BOOK I. 



ARRANGEMENT OF WALL FRUIT-TREES. 



477 



wall or espalier-rail, Sec. Forsyth, Abercrombie, and others, agree in recommending 

 the placing the names of the sorts on tablets, with the time of ripening, and fixing them 

 by, or what is better, hanging them on, the lower part of the stem of each tree. With 

 respect to the varieties of fruits recommended in the sections of this chapter, those who 

 consider them as too limited, will find ample choice in the horticultural catalogue, 

 Chap. II. 



SECT. I. Of the Selection and Arrangement of Wall Fruit-trees. 



2499. Fruit-trees adapted for walls may be considered, in regard to the sort of fruit, 

 sort of plant, distance, and planting. 



2500. With respect to the sorts of fruit and their distribution on the different aspects of the 

 walls, the first general principle is, that the more delicate species of trees, as the grape, fig, 

 and peach, are planted against the warmest walls ; the next is, that the more delicate va- 

 rieties of the more hardy fruits, as the cherry and pear, are placed against warm walls ; 

 and the last, that such varieties of the hardy fruits as it is desired to ripen very early, find 

 a place there. " The best border and wall," says Abercrombie, " should be allotted to the 

 vine, the peach, nectarine, fig, and apricot : let the vine take the first place for aspect, as 

 it is difficult to bring it to ripen out of doors north of London. Where the peach, nec- 

 tarine, fig, and apricot cannot have a south aspect, the south-east and south-west are the 

 proper alternatives. Some early sorts of the apricot will ripen on an east or west wall. 

 The west is the middling exposure, and by no means on a par with the east. The 

 cherry in general may have an exposure looking to any point of the compass, except full 

 north, yet choice early kinds deserve a south border, nor do they attain the climax of 

 perfection without. The morella cherry, the pear in general, the plum in general, the 

 apple in general, and the mulberry will do on any wall ; but all late fruit is universally 

 improved in proportion to the goodness of the aspect from the west and east through all 

 the intermediate points to the south, and some of the high-flavored French pears require 

 a fine wall to grow here in perfection. The end of a building is a good site for a free- 

 growing pear-tree ; which, if a garden- wall is not uncommonly high, will require a deal 

 of lateral room. A long and high wall is also fittest for a fig-tree. The mulberry, 

 medlar, quince, filbert, currant, gooseberry, and raspberry answer well on espaliers." 



2501. The sorts or varieties of fruit that may be procured at the nurseries face so nume- 

 rous, as to puzzle an inexperienced person in making the selection. After all, much is 

 generally, and with propriety, left to the nurserymen, who recommends the sorts most in 

 repute at the time. " I have long made it my business," > says Nicol, "to persuade my 

 employers, in the planting of new gardens and orchards, to limit the varieties of fruit, in 

 the firm conviction that I was acting for their interest ; for certainly the rage for mul- 

 liplying them, and of having a numerous collection, has too much prevailed of late. It 

 w ere better to be contented with a few good kinds that produce well in most seasons, 

 than to plant many sorts (even of those reckoned the finer) for the sake of variety, of 

 which a crop is obtained, perhaps once in three, or in seven years. It is no doubt of very 

 much importance to select and adapt the kinds to the climate, soil, and aspect, and in 

 some cases, a greater variety may be planted with propriety than in others. This 

 matter must be determined by existing circumstances, by the fancy of the proprietor, and 

 by the discretion of the gardener. The following list exhibits a collection, in my opinion, 

 ample enough in any case, though, perhaps, according to better judgment, certain kinds 

 may be substituted for some here named, that may be equally valuable. Certain kinds 

 may also be placed differently with respect to aspect, as may be thought proper, according 

 to the climate and local situation." Those marked with an asterisk (*) Nicol considers 

 the most valuable kinds, and such as should be preferred in the planting of small gar- 

 dens, where the walls are of little extent. 



*Goldm Pippin, S., S.E., or S.W. 

 Oslin Pippin, E. or W. 

 *Ribston Pippin, Ditto. 

 *Golden Russet, Ditto. 

 Royal Russet, E., W., N. E., or N. W. 

 *Nonparal, S., S. E., or S.W. 

 Hawthorndean, E., W., or N. 

 Yorkshire Greening, Ditto. 



*Jargonetle, S., E., W. 

 Cressane, S.E., S.,orS.W. 

 Colmar, Ditto. 



*Beurre" du Roi, - S.,E.,W. 

 Ganseil's Bergamot, E.orW. 

 * Autumn Bergamot, Ditto.. 

 Swiss Bergamot, - Ditto. 

 *Achan, - - - Ditto. 

 Yair, - - - Ditto. 

 St. Germain's, - Ditto. 

 Summer Boncretien, Ditto. 

 *Chaumontelle, S. 



Cherries. 

 *May-duke, 



S.,E.,W. 



Arch-duke, S..E..W. 

 *Black Heart, - Ditto. 

 White Heart, - Ditto. 

 *Harrison's Heart, Ditto. 

 MoreUa, E., W., N. 



Plums. 



*Green Gage, S. E., S-, or S.W. 

 Yellow Gage, Ditto. 

 Blue Gage, E.orW- 

 *Fotheringham, Ditto. 

 La Royale, S. E. 01 W. 

 * White Magnum Bonum, E.orW. 



Apricot*. 



*Moore Park. E., W., or N. 

 Orange, - Ditto. 

 *Breda, - Ditto. 

 *Brussels, - Ditto. 

 Roman, - Ditto. 

 Masculine, S.,E.,W. 



*Red C MagdaIen, S. E., S., or S.W. 



*Royal George, 

 Montauban, - 

 Admirable, - 

 *Teton de Venus 

 Late Purple - 



S.E.,S.,orS.W. 



Ditto. 



. Ditto. 



Ditto. 



Ditto. 



*Elmgs.E.,S.,orS.W. 

 DucdeTello, - Ditto. 

 *Fairchild's early, Ditto. 

 *Murray, - - Ditto. 

 Scarlet, - - Ditto. 

 Temple, - - Ditto. 



Figt. 



*Blue, or Black Ischia, S.E., S., or S.W. 

 * White, or Brown Ischia, Ditto. 

 Black Genoa, - - Ditto.' 

 White Genoa, - - Ditto. 



Other Sort*. 



The Mulberry is sometimes introduced as 

 a wall-tree, and planted on a western 



