SYNOPSIS OF THE NATURAL ORDERS. xix 



* Flowers not in catkins. Perianth single, inferior (0 in Euphorbia). 



60. ILLECEBRACE.E. Flowers 2-sexual. Calyx herbaceous or coriaceous, 

 persistent round the fruit. Stamens perigynous, opposite the sepals. 

 Ovary 1-celled ; styles 2-3 ; ovules 1-2. Utricle 1-seeded. Albumen 

 floury, embryo various. Herbs ; leaves opposite, stipulate (except Scler- 

 anthus) ; flowers minute, (p. 333. ) 



61. CHENOPODIACE^. Flowers 1-2-sexual. Calyx 3-5 -lobed, herbaceous, 

 persistent round the fruit. Stamens 1-5, opposite the sepals. Ovary 

 1-celled ; ovule amphitropous. Utricle 1-seeded, indehiscent. Albumen 

 floury or fleshy ; embryo annular or spiral. Herbs ; leaves opposite or 

 alternate, exstipulate, or stems leafless and jointed ; flowers green, incon- 

 spicuous, (p. 335.) 



62. POLYGONACE^B. Flowers usually 2-sexual. Sepals 3-6, green or 

 coloured. Stamens 5-8, perigynous or hypogynous. Fruit usually 

 enclosed in the sepals. Ovules erect, orthotropous. Albumen floury ; 

 embryo curved. Herbs; leaves alternate; stipules sheathing; flowers 

 small, (p. 343.) 



64. THYMEL^ACE^:. Flowers 2-sexual. Calyx tubular ; lobes 4-5. 

 Stamens definite, inserted in the tube. Ovules pendulous, anatropous. 

 Albumen or scanty ; embryo straight. Shrubs ; leaves quite entire, 

 exstipulate ; bark tenacious ; flowers conspicuous, sweet-scented, (p. 

 353.) 



65. EL^AGNACE.E. Calyx, in male fl. 3-4-sepalous ; in female or 2- 

 sexual fl. tubular. Stamens 4-8 at the base of the sepals in the male fl. 

 Ovule erect, anatropous. Albumen or scanty ; embryo straight. 

 Shrubs with silvery scales ; leaves quite entire, exstipulate ; flowers in- 

 conspicuous, (p. 354.) 



68. EUPHORBIACE^]. Flowers 1-sexual. Calyx or sepals 2 or more. 

 Male : Stamens 1 or more ; anthers didymous. Female Ovary 

 2- 3 -lobed and -celled ; ovules 1-2 in each cell, pendulous, anatropons ; 

 styles 2-3. Albumen copious, fleshy. Herbs or shrubs ; leaves various ; 

 inflorescence often of many stamens and 1 pistil collected in a small calyx- 

 like involucre, (p. 356.) 



69. URTICACE^E. Flowers 1-2-sexual. Perianth of male 3-8-lobed or 

 -partite ; of female tubular, or 3-5 -cleft, or a scale. Stamens opposite the 

 perianth-lobes. Ovary 1-celled ; styles 1-2 or ; ovule solitary, pendu- 

 lous and anatropous, or erect and orthotropous. Albumen fleshy or 0. 

 Herbs or shrubs ; leaves various, stipulate ; flowers minute, green, 

 (p. 361.) 



73. CERATOPHYLLE^E. Flowers 1-sexual. Perianth 8-12-partite, seg- 

 ments subulate. Male, of many anthers. Ovary 1-celled ; style subulate, 

 persistent ; ovule 1, pendulous, anatropous. Albumen 0. A sub- 

 merged herb, with whorled multifid leaves ; flowers very inconspicuous, 

 (p. 378.) 



** Flowers not in catkins. Perianth single, superior. 



66. LORAKTHACE^B. Calyx 4-cleft, valvate in bud. Stamens one 



