SYNOPSIS OF THE NATURAL ORDERS. xiii 



5. FUMARIACE.E. Flowers irregular. Sepals 2. Petals 4. Stamens 6 

 in 2 bundles. Ovary 1-celled ; ovules many parietal, or 1 (by suppression) 

 basal ; style 1 or 0. Seeds albuminous. Weak herbs with exstipulate 

 alternate leaves ; flowers usually small, (p. 19.) 



6. CRUCIFER.E. Flowers usually regular;. Sepals 4. Petals 4. Stamens 

 usually 6, 4 longer than the others. 0mrt/l-2-celled, of 2 carpels ; ovules 

 parietal ; style 1 or 0. Seeds exalbuminous. Herbs; leaves exstipulate, 

 alternate ; flowers usually small and ebracteate. (p. 22.) 



7. PiESEDACE^E. Flowers irregular. Sepals and petals 4-7 each. 

 Stamens indefinite. Ovary 1-celled, of 2-6 carpels, at length open 

 at the top ; ovules parietal ; stigma sessile. Seeds exalbuminous. 

 Herbs ; leaves alternate, stipules glandular or ; flowers small, greenish, 

 (p. 44.) 



8. ClSTINEJB. Flowers regular. Sepals 3-5. Petals 5. Stamens in- 

 definite. Ovary 1-celled, of 3 carpels ; ovules parietal ; styles 3. Seeds 

 albuminous. Shrubs ; leaves usually stipulate ; flowers yellow or red, 

 showy ; petals fugaceous. (p. 45.) 



9. VIOLACE^E. Flowers irregular. Sepals, petals, and stamens 5 each. 

 Ovary 1-celled ; ovules parietal ; style 1. Capsule 3-valved, loculicidal. 

 Seeds albuminous. Herbs ; leaves alternate, stipulate ; flowers often 

 showy, (p. 47.) 



11. FRANKENIACEJE. Flowers regular. Sepals, petals, and stamens 4-6 

 each. Ovary 1-celled, of 2-5 carpels; ovules parietal ; style 1. A littoral 

 herb ; leaves opposite, exstipulate ; flowers small, (p. 51.) 



*** Ovary syncarpous, \-celled ; placenta free-central or basal. 



12. CARYOPHYLLE^. Flowers regular. Sepals and petals 4 or 5 each. 

 Stamens 8 or 10. Ovules many ; styles 2-5. Seeds albuminous ; embryo 

 curved. Herbs ; leaves opposite, stipulate or not ; flowers usually small 

 and pink or white, (p. 52.) 



13. PORTULACE^}. Flowers regular. Sepals 2. Petals 4 or more. 

 Stamens 3 or more. Ovules 2 or more ; style 1, 2-3-fid. Seeds albuminous ; 

 embryo curved. Herbs ; leaves opposite or alternate, quite entire ; flowers 

 small, (p. 69.) 



13*. TAMARISCINE^. Flowers regular. Sepals and petals 4-5 each. 

 Stamens 4 or more. Ovules^ 2 or more ; styles 3-4. Shrubs ; leaves 

 minute, exstipulate ; flowers small, (p. 70.) 



*** Ovary syncarpous, 2- or more-celled ; placentas axile. 



10. POLYGALE^E. Flowers irregular. Inner sepals petal oid. Petals 

 adnate to the staminal sheath. Stamens 8 ; anthers 1-celled. Ovary 

 2-celled, 2-ovuled ; style 1. Herbs ; leaves alternate or subopposite, 

 exstipulate ; flowers small, usually blue. (p. 50.) 



14. ELATINE^E. Flowers regular. Sepals and petals 3-4 each. Stamens 

 3-4 or twice as many, free. Ovary 2-5-celled ; styles 2-5. Seeds ribbed ; 

 albumen scanty or 0. Water-herbs ; leaves opposite, stipulate ; flowers 

 minute, (p. 71.) 



