DIANTHUS.] CARYOPHYLLE^. 53 



1. DIAN'THUS, L. PINK and CARNATION. 



Tufted herbs, often shrubby at the base. Leaves narrow, grass- like. 

 Flowers solitary, panicled or fascicled, dichogamous, proterandrous. Calyx 

 tubular, 5-toothed, striate, with imbricating bracts at the base. Petals 5, 

 entire or cut, claw long. Stamens 10, emerging and dehiscing 5 at a time. 

 Disk elongated. Ovary 1 -celled ; styles 2. Uapmle 4-valved at the top. 

 Seeds discoid, imbricate upon the columnar placenta, hilum ventral ; 

 embryo straight. DISTBIB. Europe, temp. Asia, N.W. America, N. and 

 S. Africa ; species about 70. ETYM. supposed to be Aids and Mas, flower 

 of Jupiter. 



* Flowers fascicled. 



1. D. Arme'ria, L. ; fascicles of flowers in loose cymes, bracts lanceo- 

 late downy as long as the calyx, tips subulate. Deptford Pink. 



Fields and dry banks from Forfar to Cornwall and Kent ; (a doubtful native, 

 Wats.} ; fl. July-Aug. Annual. Stems 1-2 ft., few, strict, erect. Leaves 

 1-2 in., linear, lower obtuse, upper acute. Calyx-tube 2-3 in. cyliodric, 

 many-nerved. Flowers ^ in. diam. Petals distant, narrow, red with dark 

 dots, toothed. DISTRLB. Europe, "W. Asia; introd. in the U. States. 



2. D. pro'lifer, L. ; fascicles of flowers capitate, bracts ovate mem- 

 branous as long as the calyx-tube, inner obtuse. Tunica prolifer, Hall. 



Gravelly pastures from Perth southd. ; often a casual ; Channel Islands ; fl. 

 June-Oct. Annual. Stems few, 6-18 in., sometimes branched above. 

 Leaves short, linear-lanceolate, margins scabrid. Heads f in., many-fld., 

 bracts dry brown. Flowers J-| in. diam., opening one by one, all but the 

 uppermost 2-bracteate. Calyx very narrow, faintly ribbed. Petals con- 

 tiguous, purplish-red, obovate, notched. Capsule ovoid, rupturing the calyx. 

 DISTRIB. Europe, W. Asia ; introd. in the U. States, usually placed in 

 Tunica. 



** Flowers solitary or loosely cymose. 



3. D. deltoi'des, L. ; leaves narrow-lanceolate downy and subscabrous, 

 lower obtuse, flowers solitary, bracts ovate acuminate half as long as the 

 calyx-tube, petals toothed. Maiden Pink. 



Fields and banks, dry soil, from Inverness and Argyll to Devon and Kent ; 

 fl. June-Sept. Perennial, much branched ; branches slender, 1 ft. 

 Leaves of barren shoots ligulate. Flowers in. diam., rarely 2 together, 

 inodorous. Calyx glabrous, strongly ribbed. Petals distant, obovate, rosy, 

 spotted with white. Capsule cylindric. DISTRIB. Europe. 



D. deltoi'des proper; faintly glaucous, bracts generally 2, flowers rosy. VAR. 

 D. alau'cus, L. ; very glaucous, bracts usually 4, flowers white. Edinburgh, 

 Croydon. 



4. D. cse'sius, Sm. ; leaves scabrous at the margin, flowers usually 

 solitary, bracts orbicular mucronate 4 times shorter than the calyx- tube, 

 petals jagged and bearded. Cheddar Pink. 



Limestone rocks, Cheddar ; fl. June-July. Perennial, glaucous. Eootstock 

 woody, branched. Stems 4-10 in., many. Leaves of barren shoots linear, 

 obtuse, upper ones of the flowering stems acute. Bracts membranous. 



