SILENE.] CAEYOPHYLLEJE. 55 



Stamens 10, the 5 petaline sometimes adnate to the claw. Disk columnar. 

 Ovary 1-3-celled below the middle ; styles 3, rarely 2-5, opposite the 

 sepals ; ovules many. Capsule 6- rarely 3-valved at the top. Seeds with a 

 marginal hilum ; embryo annular or ^-annular. DISTRIB. N. temp, 

 hemisphere; species 800. ETYM. <ria\ov t saliva t from the viscidity of 

 some species. 



* Calyx bladdery, nerves reticulate. Capsule incompletely septate. 



1. S- Cucu'balus, Wibel. ; erect, panicle many-fld., bracts scarious, 

 petals deeply cloven, scales obscure. S. injla'ta, Sm. Cucu'balus Behen, 

 L. Bladder Campion, White bottle. 



Roadsides and waste places, N. to Caithness ; ascends to nearly 1,000 ft. in 

 Yorkshire; Ireland; fl. June-Aug. Perennial, branched, 2-3 ft., glaucous, 

 glabrous or downy (VAR. puber'ula}. Leaves 1-3 in., variable, ovate, 

 obovate or oblong. Flowers f in. diam., drooping, white, proterandrous, 

 trimorphous (male, fern., and hermaphr.). Capsule globose, top conical. 

 DISTRIB. Europe (Arctic), N. Africa, Siberia, W. Asia to JN.W. India; 

 introd. in the U. States. 



2. S. xnarit'ima, With.', diffuse, flowers 1-4, bracts herbaceous, petals 

 shortly cleft, segments broad with two scales at the base. 



Sea-shores, N. to Shetland ; rare by Alpine streams ; ascends to 3,000 ft. in 

 the Highlands; Ireland; Channel Islands; fl. June-Aug. Very nearly 

 allied to S. Cucu'balus. DISTRIB. Shores of Europe (Arctic), from Italy 

 to the Canaries, Norway and Finland. 



** Calyx cylindric, strongly many-ribbed, closing tightly over the capsule at the 

 top. Capsule incompletely septate. 



3. S. con'ica, L. ; erect, hairy and glandular, dichotomously branched, 

 flowers many erect. 



Pastures and sandy heaths, local ; Kent, Norfolk, Suffolk, Haddington and 

 Forfar ; Channel Islands ; fl. May-July. Annual, 6-12 in. Leaves linear, 

 upper acute and ribbed. Calyx in., ampulliform, 30-ribbed, intruded at the 

 base ; teeth subulate. Petals small, rosy or purple, cleft, with 2 scales at 

 the base of the blade ; gynophore very short. DISTRIB. Europe, N. Africa, 

 Siberia, W. Asia to India. 



*** Calyx with broad nerves. Capsule incompletely septate. 



4. S. gal'lica, L. ; hairy and viscid, lower leaves spathulate, flowers 

 in leafy racemose cymes, catyx-teeth setaceous, petals and scales small 

 entire or slightly 2-fid. 



Gravelly places from Moray southd., not rare, probably often an escape ; 

 Ireland ; Channel Islands ; fl. June-Oct. Annual, 1-2 ft., erect or diffusely 

 branched. Leaves variable. Calyx % in., membranous with green pubescent 

 ribs. Capsule ovoid on a usually deflexed pedicel. DISTRIB. Europe, N. 

 Africa, Siberia, N. and W. Asia to India. 



S. gal'lica proper ; flowers white or pink, petals large 2-fid. VAR. .* quin- 

 quevul'nera, L. ; petals entire white with a red spot. VAR. S. ang'lica, L. ; 

 branches spreading, petals small white often jagged. 



