RUBUS.] ROSACES. 119 



/3 Steins ivith scattered uniform prickles, pubescent or hairy, but with few or no 

 aland-tipped hairs or bristles, barren ones arching and rooting at the tip. 



Sub-sp. E. DIS'COLOR, W. and N. ; stem with appressed stellate hairs, prickles 

 strong, leaflets small most persistent of any, bright green above, densely 

 tomentose and white beneath, flowers pink, sepals always reflexed, drupes 

 small with little flesh. E. abrup'tus, Lindl. The most common form 

 except in Scotland (chiefly S. and Mid. Europe.) R. thyrsoi'deus, Wimm., 

 has stem stronger and more arching, flowers white, leaflets larger less 

 white beneath, pubescence of stem and leaves looser. VAR. pubi'gera, Bab., 

 connects this with leucosta'chys. 



Sub-sp. R. LEUCOSTA'CHYS, Sm. ; stem angular between arching and prostrate 

 with copious spreading hairs and sometimes a few glandular hairs rachis of 

 panicle densely villous, leaflets finely toothed densely pubescent often white 

 beneath, ter. unal one roundish with a point, panicle thyrsoid compound, 

 sepals reflexed, petals often deep red. R. vesti'tus,^Weihe ; R. Leightonia'nus, 

 Bab. Common from Berwick southd. ; Ireland. 



Sub-sp. R. VILLICATJ'US, Weihe ; stem angular with copious spreading hairs 

 but no glandular ones, rachis of panicle densely villous, leaflets finely 

 toothed densely pubescent often white beneath, terminal roundish with a 

 point, panicle thyrsoid compound, sepals reflexed, petals pale. R. carpini- 

 fo'lius, Bab. not Blox. ; R. pampino'sus, Lees. R. vulga'ris, W. and N., con- 

 nects villicau'lis with Rad'ula by R. adsci'tus, Genev., and R. dera'sus, Miill. 

 Common, N. to Sutherland ; Ireland. 



Sub-sp. R. SALT'ERI, Bab. ; stem angular arching with no glandular hairs, spread- 

 ing hairs few aud deciduous, leaflets coarsely and irregularly toothed shortly 

 grey-pubescent or finally subglabrous beneath, terminal roundish pointed 

 often cordate, panicle thyrsoid compound, rachis finely pubescent with 

 copious strong red prickles, sepals reflexed, petals pale. R. calva'tus, Blox. 

 From York southd.; Ireland. Connects this group with rliamnifo'lius. 



Sub-sp. R. UMBRO'SUS, Arrh. ; stem angular, hairs few and deciduous none 

 glandular, leaflets sometimes 7 finely toothed finely grey-pubescent beneath, 

 terminal roundish or obovate pointed, panicle thyrsoid compound, rachis 

 finely pubescent, sepals reflexed, petals pale. R. macrophyl'lus, var. 

 umbro'sa, Bab.; R. carpinifo'lius, of many English writers, not Weihe. R. 

 hirtifo'lius, Miill., is an allied form unknown to me. Common, from the 

 Clyde southd. 



Sub-sp. R. MACROPHYL'LUS, Weihe ; stem angular with a few spreading hairs 

 aud no glandular ones, leaflets coarsely and irregularly toothed finely grey- 

 pubescent beneath, terminal obovate or obovate-oblong pointed, panicle 

 thyrsoid compound, rachis finely pubescent, sepals reflexed, petals pale. 7?. 

 Schlechtendahl'ii, Weihe ; R. amplifica'ttis, Lees. From Aberdeen southd. ; 

 Ireland. 



Sub-sp. R. MUCRONTJLA'TUS, Boreau; stems between arching and prostrate with 

 a few spreading and often a few glandular hairs, leaflets shortly grey- 

 pubescent beneath, terminal roundish abruptly pointed, panicle sparse often 

 subsimple, rachis densely villous, its prickles few and weak, sepals reflexed, 

 petals pale. R. mucrona'tus, Blox. not Scringe. Local, from the Clyde 

 southd.; Ireland. 



Sub-sp. R. SPREXGE'LII, Weihe ; stem weak wide-trailing terete with a few 

 spreading and often a few glandular hairs, leaflets coarsely toothed finely 

 and shortly grey-pubescent or finally subglabrous beneath, often only three 



