FRAGARIA.] ROSACES. 123 



6. FRAGA'RIA, L. STRAWBERRY. 



Perennial scapigerous herbs, with runners. Leaves 3-foliolate (in Britain), 

 pinnate or 1 -folio] ate ; stipules adnate to the petiole. Flowers white or 

 yellow, honeyed, proterogynous, often polygamous. Calyx inferior, 

 persistent, 5-bracteolate ; lobes 5, valvate in bud. Petals 5. Stamens 

 many, persistent. Carpels many, distinct, receptacle convex ; styles 

 ventral, persistent ; ovule 1, ascending. Achenes many, minute, on the 

 surface of the enlarged fleshy receptacle. DISTRIB. 1ST. temp, regions, 

 Andes, Sandwich Islands, Bourbon ; species 3 or 4. ETYM. The Latin 

 name for the fragrant fruit. 



F. ves'ca, L. ; leaflets usually sessile, pedicels with silky appressed 



hairs, flowers hermaphrodite. Wild Strawberry. 



Shady places, N. to Shetland ; ascends to near 2,OCO ft. in the Highlands ; 

 Ireland; Channel Islands; fl. April-May. Silky and hairy. Rootstock 

 short or long, woody, with a terminal tuft of leaves. Radical leaves peti- 

 oled ; leaflets 1-2 in., obliquely ovate or oblong, coarsely toothed or serrate, 

 plaited, lateral sometimes cleft; stipules scarious. Scapes 1-6 in., axillary. 

 Flowers ^ | in. diam., in irregular cymes, inclined, white ; bract at the base 

 of the cyme leafy, at the pedicel smaller stipuliform ; bracteoles ovate, 

 smaller than the acute calyx-lobes. Petals obovate. Receptacle of fruit 

 obovoid or globose, red or white, covered to the base with achenes, calyx- 

 lobes spreading. DISTRIB. Europe (Arctic), N. and W. Asia, Himalaya, N. 

 America. 



F. ELA'TIOR, Ehrh. ; much larger than F. vesca, leaflets often shortly 

 stalked, pedicels with spreading hairs, flowers sub-1 -sexual. 

 A garden escape; fl. April-May. The Haut-bois strawberry, whose origin 



is probably F. ves'ca ; the base of receptacle is without achenes. 



7. POTENTII/LA, L. ClNQUEFOIL. 



Perennial herbs, rarely shrubs. Leaves compound ; stipules adnate to 

 the petiole. Flowers white or yellow, rarely red, solitary or in corymbose 

 cymes, honeyed. Calyx inferior, persistent, 5-7- rarely 4-bracteolate ; 

 lobes as many, valvate in bud. Petals as many. Stamens many, rarely 

 few and definite. Disk annular or coating the calyx-tube. Carpels many, 

 rarely 1 or few, on a dry convex or concave receptacle ; style persistent or 

 deciduous, ventral or basal ; ovule 1, pendulous. Achenes many, recep- 

 tacle dry. DISTRTB. N. temp, and Arctic regions, 2 are southern ; species 

 120. ETYM. Potens, from the powerful medicinal effects attributed to 

 some. 



SECTION 1. Trichothal'amus, Lehm. (gen.). Shrubby. Petals 5, orbi- 

 cular, yellow. Achenes many, hairy, on a very hispid receptacle. 



1. P. frutico'sa, L. ; silky, leaves subdigitately-pinnate. 

 Rooky banks by rivers, local ; York, Durham, Cumberland, Westmoreland 

 N. Clare, Galway ; fl. June-July. A mu^h-brauched, leafy shrub, 2-4 ft. ; 



