PYRUS.] ROSACES. 137 



Woods aud hillsides ; ascends to 2,600 ft. in the Highlands ; Ireland ; fl. May- 

 June. Tree 10-40 ft. Leaves 5-8 in.; leaflets 6-8 pair, 1-1| in., linear- 

 oblong, subacute, pale beneath and hairy along the midrib and nerves. 

 Cymes 4-6 in. diam., compound, corymbose, dense-flowered. Flowers ^ in. 

 diam., cream-white, proterogyuous ; pedicel and calyx villous. Fruit in. 

 diam., globose, scarlet, flesh yellow ; endocarp usually 3-celled, almost woody. 

 DISTRIB. Europe, Madeira, 1ST. and W. Asia, Himalaya, N. America (a 

 form). 



SECTION 3. Mes'pilus, L. (gen.). Fruit large ; endocarp bony, 5- 

 celled ; cells 1-seeded. Flowers solitary. Styles 5. 



P. GERMAN'ICA, L. (Mespilus) ; leaves obovate or oblong-lanceolate entire 



or serrulate. Medlar. 



Hedges and thickets, Mid. and S. England, Channel Islands, naturalized ; 

 fl. May-June. A small much-branched spinous tree. Leaves subacute, 

 pubescent beneath. Flowers 1J in. diam., white ; peduncle ^ in. Calyx 

 woolly, lobes with dilated foliaceous tips. Fruit ^-1 in. diam., globose, 

 with a large depressed area at the top, and persistent calyx-lobes. DISTBIB. 

 Greece, Asia Minor, Persia. 



13. CRAT-ffi'GUS, L. HAWTHORN, WHITETHORN. 



Shrubs or small trees, often spiny. Leaves simple lobed or piunafcind ; 

 stipules deciduous. Flowers in terminal corymbose cymes, white or red, 

 honeyed, proterogynous ; bracts caducous. Calyx-tube urceolate or eam- 

 panulate ; mouth contracted ; lobes 5, superior. Petals 5, inserted at the 

 mouth of the calyx. Stamens many. Carpels 1-5, adnate to the calyx- 

 tube ; styles short, stigma truncate ; ovules 2 in each cell, ascending. Fruit 

 ovoid or globose, with a bony 1-5-celled stone, or with 5 bony 1- rarely 

 2-seeded stones. DISTRIB. N. temp, regions, chiefly American, extend- 

 ing into New Granada ; species about 50.- ETYM. npxros, from the strong 

 wood. 



C. Oxyacan tha, L. ; spinescent, leaves deeply pinnatifid. 



Forests and hedges, N. to Shetland, often only where planted ; ascending to 

 1,800 ft. in Yorkshire ; Ireland ; Channel Islands; fl. May-June. A small 

 round-headed tree, 10-20 ft., much branched. Leaves 1-2 in., very variable, 

 cuneate, shortly petioled, lobes cut or crenate ; stipules leafy, ^-sagittate, 

 toothed. Cymes corymbose, many-flowered. Flowers f in. diam., white ; 

 pedicel and calyx glabrous or pubescent. Anthers pinkish-brown. Carpels 

 1-2 very rarely 3. Fruit ovoid or subglobose, usually scarlet, rarely yellow 

 or black. DISTRIB. Europe, N. Africa, N. and W. Asia, Himalaya ; introd. 

 in N. America. 



C. OXYACAN'THA proper ; peduncle and calyx-tube glabrous, carpels 2-3. C. 

 oxyacanthoides, Thuill. 



Sub-sp. C. MONOG'YXA, Jacq. ; leaves more deeply lobed or pinnatifid, peduncle 

 and calyx-lobes pubescent, flowers and fruit smaller (appearing later), carpel 

 solitary. 



