138 ROSACE^E. [COTONEASTER. 



14. COTONEAS'TER, Lindl. 



Shrubs or small trees. Leaves coriaceous, often downy ; stipules deci- 

 duous. Floivers solitary or in few-fld. cymes, small white or pink, some- 

 times polygamous. Calyx-tube tur Innate or campanulate ; lobes 5, 

 superior, short, persistent. Petals 5. Stamens many, inserted at the 

 mouth of the calyx. Carpels 2-5, adnate wholly or by their backs only 

 to the calyx- tube ; styles 2-5, distinct, stigma truncate ; ovules 2 in each 

 cell, erect. Fruit small, with 2-5 bony 1 -seeded stones. DISTRIB. 

 Europe, temp. Asia, N. Africa, Mexico ; species 15. ETYM. The Latin 

 name. 



C. vulga'ris, Lindl. ; leaves broadly elliptic- oblong densely pubescent 



beneath, cymes lateral few-fld. 



Great Orme's Head, on limestone cliffs, very rare ; fl, May-June. A small 

 erect shrub ; branchlets pubescent. Leaves f-lf in., rounded or acute at the 

 tip; petiole very short; stipules scarious. Flowers ^ in. diam., pink; 

 pedicels short, decurved, pubescent ; bracts minute. Calyx turbinate, lobes 

 obtuse, margins woolly. Petals small, persistent. Styles about 3. Fruit 

 J in. diam., globose, shining, red. DISTRIB. Europe, N. and W. Asia, 

 Himalaya. 



ORDER XXVII. SAXIFRAGES. 



Tribes SAXIFRAG'E^E proper and RIBESI'E^E. 



Shrubs or herbs. Leaves alternate or opposite ; stipules 0, or adnate to 

 the often dilated petiole. Calyx free or more or less adnate to the ovary, 

 5- rarely 4-lobed, valvate or imbricate in bud. Petals 5, rarely 4 or 0, 

 imbricate in bud. Stamens 5 or 10, rarely 4 or 8, perigynous ; anthers 

 dorsally inserted, connective frequently glandular at the back. Disk 

 various. Carpels 2 or more, usually connate into a 2- rarely a 1 -celled 

 ovary; styles distinct or combined, stigmas capitellate ; ovules many, 2- 

 seriate, placentas attached to the inner angles of the carpels. Fruit a 

 1-3-celled berry or capsule, or of 2 or more follicles, many-seeded. Seeds 

 small, albumen copious fleshy or horny ; embryo minute, terete or clavate. 

 DISTRIB. (of the British tribes). 1ST. temp, and Arctic regions ; a few 

 occur on the Andes and in the S. temp, zone ; genera 20 ; species 300. 

 AFFINITIES. So close to Rosacece and Crassulaeece as to be scarcely separ- 

 able ; also allied to LythracecB, Rhizophorece and Droseracecs. PROPERTIES 

 unimportant. 



TRIBE I. SAXIFRAG'EJE proper. Herbs. Flowers 4-5-merous. Ovary 

 1-3-celled. Petals 5. /Stamens 10. Fruit capsular. 



Ovary 2-celled ; styles 2 1. Saxifraga. 



Petals 0. Stamens 8 or 10. Ovary 1-celled ; styles 2. ..2. Chrysosplenium. 

 Petals 5. Stamens 5. Ovary 1-celled; stigmas 3-4 3. Parnassia. 



TRIBE II. RIBESI'EJE. Shrubs. Ovary 1-celled. Fruit a berry. 



4. Kites. 



