174 UMBELLIFER^. [PIMPINELLA. 



1. P. Saxif'raga, L. ; stem terete, radical leaves pinnate, leaflets sub- 

 orbicular, cauline 2-pinnate. 



Dry pastures from Sutherland southd. ; ascends to 1,800 ft. in Yorkshire ; 

 Ireland ; Channel Islands ; fl. July. Perennial, glabrous or pubescent. 

 Rootstock slender, hot, acrid. Stem 1-3 ft., slender, furrowed, branched. 

 Leaflets 4-8 pair, very variable, serrate lobed or almost pinnatifid or finely 

 cut (P. dissecta, Eetz.) ; lobes of cauline much narrower. Umbels flat- 

 topped. Flowers small, white. Fruit fin., glabrous, broadly ovoid ; styles 

 short, reflexed. DISTRIB. Europe (Arctic), N. and W. Asia, Himalaya. 



2. P. major, Huds. ; stem angular, leaves all pinnate, leaflets of radical 

 ovate subcordate, of cauline narrower. P. mag'na, L. 



Bushy waste places, local, from Perth southd. (E. Scotland only) ; rare iti 

 Ireland ; fl. July- Aug. Much larger than P. Saxifraga, but similar, 3-4 ft. ; 

 leaflets often 1-2 in., membranous and broad ; styles longer and more 

 slender ; outer flowers 2-sexual, inner male. DISTRIB. Chiefly W. and 

 Mid. Europe, Caucasus. 



16. CONOPO'DIUM, Koch. EABTH-NUT, PlG-NUT/ 



Glabrous or hairy herbs. Rootstock tuberous. Leaves 3-nately divided. 

 Umbels compound, many-rayed ; bracts and bracteoles or membranous ; 

 flowers white, polygamous, outer sometimes radiating. Calyx-teeth obsolete. 

 Petals of outer flowers often irregular, 2-fid, with an inflexed point. Disk- 

 lobes conical or depressed. Fruit ovoid or oblong, often shortly beaked ; 

 commissure constricted, carpophore 2-fid ; carpels subterete, primary 

 ridges slender ; vittse several pin the furrows, often obscure or inter- 

 rupted. Seed deeply groved ventrally. DISTRIB. Europe, N. Africa, 

 temp. Asia ; species 8. ETYM. K&VOS and TTOUS, from the conical disk- 

 lobes. 



C. denuda'tum, Koch; leaf-lobes linear, bracts and bracteoles 0. 



Jjunium flexuosum, With. B. denudatum, DC. Carum flexuosum, 



Fries. 



"Woods and fields, N. to Shetland ; Ireland ; Channel Islands ; fl. summer. 

 Glabrous. Rootstock size of a chestnut, brown. Stem 2-3 ft., slender, 

 terete, flexuous. Leaves 3-ternate, broadly deltoid ; petiole slender ; seg- 

 ments pinnatifid, the central lobes largest. Umbels terminal, drooping when 

 young, 6-10-rayed. Flowers small. Fruit in., narrow-ovoid, ridges 

 obscure ; styles short, erect. DISTRIB. W. Europe. Very similar to Carum 

 Bulbocastanum. 



17. MYR'RHIS, Scop* CICELY. 



Perennial, tomentose herbs. Leaves decompound. Umbels compound, 

 many-rayed ; bracts few or ; bracteoles many, membranous ; flowers 

 white, polygamous. Calyx-teeth minute or 0. Petals with a very short 

 inflexed point. Disk-lobes tumid. Fruit much elongate, beaked", com- 

 missure broad, carpophore 2-fid ; back of carpels very convex, primary 

 ridges equal, hollow, often rough, prominent ; vittaj in the furrows 



