188 CORNACE^:. [CoRNUS. 



Copses and hedges from Westmoreland southd. ; ascends to 1,050 ft. in 

 Derby ; Ireland, rare ; Channel Islands ; fl. June-July. Pubescent, 6-8 ft., 

 branchlets and leaves red in autumn. Leaves 2-3 in., petioled, ovate, or 

 ovate-oblong, acute ; lateral nerves sub-basal. Cymes terminal, peduncled, 

 subglobose, dense-flowered. Flowers in. diam., cream-white, homogamous. 

 Berm/ small, black. DISTRIB. Europe, N. and W. Asia, Himalaya. 

 "Wood used for skewers, formerly for arrows ; and by gunpowder makers. 

 Berries yield an oil used in France for soapmaking. 



2. C. sue'cica, L. ; herbaceous, umbels involucrate. 



Alpine moors, Yorkshire to Sutherland ; ascends to 3,000 ft. ; fl. July-Aug. 

 Puberulous with appressed hairs. Rootstock slender, creeping. Stem 6-8 

 in., erect, forked at the top, 4-angled, scaly beneath. Leaves \-\ in., sessile. 

 in few pairs, oblong or ovate, acute, 5-7-nerved, glaucous beneath. Umbel 

 in the fork, peduncled ; bracts 4, ^ in., white, ovate, acute. Flowers minute, 

 purplish. Drupe ^ in. diam., red. DISTRIB. N. and Arctic Europe, Asia, 

 N. America. 



ORDER XXXVII. CAPRIFOLIA'CEfE. 



Shrubs or small trees, rarely herbs. Leaves opposite, simple, ternately 

 cut or pinnate, usually exstipulate. Flowers cymose. Calyx-limb superior, 

 3-5-toothed or -lobed. Corolla regular or irregular, sometimes 2-lipped ; 

 lobes 5, imbricate in bud. Stamens 4, 5, 8, or 10, inserted on the corolla- 

 tube, equal or unequal ; anthers versatile. Disk epigynous, glandular or 

 0. Ovary 1-6-celled ; style simple or 3-6-lobed or 0, stigmas capitate ; 

 ovules solitary, pendulous from the top of the cell, or many from its inner 

 angle, or solitary in one cell and several in others, anatropous, integuments 

 confluent with the nucleus. Fruit a berry or drupe, rarely capsular, 1- or 

 many-seeded. Seeds small, testa usually membranous, albumen copious 

 fleshy ; embryo minute, ovoid, rarely large and terete. DISTRIB. Temp, 

 and sub-trop. regions of the N. hemisphere ; rare in the south, absent from 

 trop. and S. Africa ; genera 14 ; species 200. AFFINITIES. With Corneas 

 and RiibiaceoB. PROPERTIES unimportant. 



TRIBE I. SAMBU'CEJE. Corolla usually rotate, regular. Ovary-cells 1- 

 ovuled ; style short, 2-3-partite, or stigma sessile. 



Shrubs. Leaves simple 1. Viburnum. 



Herbs, shrubs, or trees. Leaves pinnate 2. Sambucus. 



Herbs. Leaves 3-nately compound 3. Adoxa. 



TRIBE II. LONICE'RE-ffi. Corolla tubular or campanulate. Ovary-cells 

 1- or many-ovulecl ; style slender. 



Ovary 2-3-celled, cells with several ovules 4. Lonicera. 



Ovary 3-celled, 1 cell one-ovuled, 2 cells rnany-ovuled 5. Liunaea. 



1. VIBUR'NUM, L. 



Shrubs or trees ; branches opposite. Leaves simple ; stipules or small. 

 Flowers in terminal or axillary corymbs or panicles, white or pink, jointed 



