202 COMPOSITE. 



TRIBE Y. ANTHE'MIDS^B. Leaves alternate. Ray-fowers ligulate, or 

 tubular and very slender. Anther-cells not taiJed. Style-arms linear with 

 truncate papillose or penicillate tips ; stigmatic margins confluent below. 

 Pappus or minute. 



'Outer fowers ligulate, white, or 0. Receptacle with scales or bristles. 



Ligule oblong. Fruit terete or angled 12. Anthemis. 



Ligule broad, short. Fruit compressed, winged 13. Achillea. 



Flowers all tubular and compressed 14. Diotis. 



Outer fowers ligulate, white or yellow. Receptacle naked. 



Receptacle conic, often elongating 15. Matricaria. 



Receptacle flat or convex 16. Chrysanthemum. 



Flowers all tubular. Receptacle usually naked. 



Invol. bracts many-seriate. Eecept. broad 17. Tanacetum. 



Invol. bracts few-seriate. Recept. narrow 18. Artemisia. 



TRIBE VI. SENECION'IDE-ffi. Leaves alternate. Flowers all yellow, 

 tubular and 2-sexual, or outer ligulate. Receptacle naked. Anther-cells 

 without tails. Style-arms connate, or free and obtuse, or tipped with 

 short cones (as in Asteroidea). Pappus-hairs usually very soft (rigid in 

 Doronicum). 



* Style-arms of disk-Jlowers connate. 



Heads racemose ; outer flowers tubular 19. Petasites. 



Heads solitary ; outer flowers ligulate 20. Tussilago. 



** Style-arms of disk-fowers free. 



Invol. bracts in many series 20*. Dorrmicum. 



Invol. bracts in one series 21. Senecio. 



TRIBE VII. CYNA'RE/E. Leaves alternate, usually spinous-toothed. Invo- 

 lucre often globose, bracts spinous. Flowers all tubular, 2-sexual, or the 

 outer female or neuter (dioecious in Serratula and some Cardui), tube 

 slender, ventricose above, lobes very narrow. Anthers much exserted ; 

 connective elongate, stiff. Style-arms usually combined into a pubescent 

 2-fid cylinder, with a ring of hairs or swelling at their base. 

 Anther-cells tailed. 



Outer bracts hooked 22. Arctium. 



Outer bracts spinous, inner spreading 23. Carlina. 



Bracts all unarmed 24. Saussurea. 



Anther-cells not tailed or scarcely so. 



Pappus short unequal or 25. Centaurea 



Pappus-hairs long. 



Bracts unarmed 26. Serratula. 



Bracts spinescent. 



Filaments free. Fruit not angled. Pappus rough 27- Carduus. 



Filaments free. Fruit not angled. Pappus feathery 28. Cnicus. 



Filaments free. Fruit 4-angled, rugose 29. Onopordon. 



Filaments connate. Fruit terete, rugose 30. Silybum. 



