ARNOSERIS.] COMPOSITE. 229 



32. ARNOS'ERIS, Gcertn. LAMB'S or SWINE'S SUCCORY. 



A small, annual, scapigerous herb ; juice milky. Leaves all radical. 

 Heads few, small ; peduncles clavate, fistular ; invol. bracts in 1 series, 

 many, after flowering arching over the fruit ; receptacle flat, naked, pitted. 

 Corollas all ligulate, yellow ; anther cells not tailed ; upper part of style 

 and its short obtuse arms hairy. Fruit obpyramidal, furrowed and ribbed, 

 not beaked, crowned by a coriaceous angular ring. DISTRIB. Europe to 

 Mid. Eussia. ETYM. kpvos, a lamb, and acpis, succory. 



A. pusil'la, Gcertn.', leaves obovate-spathulate or -lanceolate toothed. 

 Dry pastures and fields, on the E. side of the Island, from Elgin to Dorset 

 and Kent, local ; (a colonist, Wats.} ; fl. June-July. Glabrous or slightly 

 hairy. Leaves 2-4 in., narrow. Scapes 4-12 in., many, slender, rigid, 

 sparingly branched above. Heads campanulate, in., inclined in bud ; 

 invol. bracts herbaceous, puberulous, linear-lanceolate, tips contracted 

 obtuse. Fruit pale brown, rugose between the ribs. 



33. LAP SANA, L. NIPPLEWORT. 



Slender, erect, annual, branched herbs ; juice milky. Leaves alternate, 

 petioled, lower lyrate, upper toothed or entire. Heads small ; invol. bracts 

 few, 1 -seriate, erect, outermost small ; receptacle flat, naked, dotted. 

 Corollas all ligulate, yellow ; anther- cells not tailed ; tip of style and its 

 linear obtuse arms hairy. Fruit slightly compressed, curved, striate, not 

 beaked ; pappus 0. DISTRIB. Europe, W. Asia, N. Africa ; species 4. 

 ETYM. An old Latin name. 



Ii. commu'nis, L. ; lower leaves lyrate-pinnatifid, upper-entire. 

 Waste and cultivated ground, N. to Orkney ; ascends to 1,300 ft. in Northumbd. ; 

 Ireland ; Channel Islands ; fl. July-Sept. Stem 1-2 ft., paniculately branched , 

 hairs spreading. Leaves contracted into the petiole, membranous, terminal 

 lobe very large, sinuate-toothed, lateral small. Heads many, j- in. ; peduncle 

 short, slender, naked ; invol. bracts 8-10, linear, rigid, keeled, green, glan- 

 dular or glabrous, tip contracted obtuse. Fruit pale. DISTRIB. Europe 

 (Arctic), N.Africa, N. and W. Asia, Himalaya; introd. in N.America. 

 Formerly eaten as a salad. 



34. PI'CRIS, L. 



Erect, branched, hispid herbs ; juice milky. Leaves alternate, entire 

 or sinuate-toothed. Heads solitary or corymbose, yellow ; invol. bracts 

 many, unequal, outer spreading ; receptacle flat, naked, pitted. FL all 

 ligulate ; anther-cells shortly tailed ; upper part of style and its slender 

 obtuse arms hairy. Fruit curved, grooved, transversely rugose, beaked 

 or not ; pappus-hairs 2-seriate, deciduous, featheiy, outer fewer slender, 

 inner broader at the base. DISTRIB. Europe, temp. Asia, Australasia ; 

 species about 24. ETYM. irixpos, from its bitterness. 



* Outer invol. bracts narrow ; fruit not beaked. 

 1. P. hieracioi'des, L. ; leaves obovate-lanceolate, upper |-arnplexicaul. 



