CEEPIB.] COMPOSITE. 231 



outer spreading. Fruit $ in., red-brown ; ribs close set, prominent, rough. 

 DISTBIB. Europe. Kesembles C. taraxacifolia. 



3. C. hieracioi'des, Waldst. and Kit. ; glabrous or hairy, lower leaves 

 oblong-spathulate, upper linear-oblong |-amplexicaul, bracts with gland- 

 tipped hairs. C. succiscefo'lia, Tauseh. ; Hiera'cium mol'le, Sm. 

 Mountain woods, from York to Dumbarton and Banff ; ascends to 1,200 ft. in 



Northumbd. ; fl. July-Aug. Slender, perennial, variable in pubescence. 

 Leaves 2-4 in., obtuse, entire or sinuate- toothed. Heads f-1 in. diam.. 

 few ; involucre subcylindric, outer bracts appressed short about as long as 

 the pappus. Fruit contracted at the base and tip ; ribs many, smooth. 

 DISTRIB. Mid. Europe to the Caucasus. 



SUB-GEN. 2. Barkhau'sia, Moe-ncJi (gen.). Peduncles slender or 

 thickened upwards. Fruit beaked, many-ribbed, minutely hispid. 



4. C. foe'tida, L. ; hispid, stem branched from below, leaves runcinate- 

 pinnatifid, peduncles bracteate incurved thickened upwards, buds drooping, 

 in vol. bracts tomentose inner hardening and enclosing the outer fruits. 



Chalky and gravelly banks, rare, from Cambridge and Norfolk to Sussex 

 and Kent ; fl. June-July. Annual or biennial. Stem 1-2 ft., terete, faintly 

 furrowed, usually with many ascending corymbose branches. Heads in. 

 diam., bright yellow; peduncles long; invol. bracts often setose and 

 glandular, outer erect or spreading. Fruit yellow-brown, beak of outer 

 shorter than the bracts, of inner longer. DISTRIB. From Belgium southd., 

 Himalaya, N. Africa. 



5. C. taraxacifo'lia, Thuill. ; hispid, stem branched above, leaves 

 runcinate-piimatifid, peduncles very slender not thickened, buds erect, 

 inner invol. bracts not enclosing the outer fruits. 



Dry banks and chalky pastures, local, from Yorkshire to Cornwall and Kent ; 

 Carnarvon ; fl. June-July. Habit and foliage of C. biennis, biennial. Stem 

 1-2 ft., ribbed and furrowed. Heads -1 in. diam.; involucre cylindric- 

 campanulate, often glandular as well as tomentcse, outer bracts spreading, 

 not hardening. Flowers yellow, outer striped with brown on the back. 

 Fruits yellow-brown, all long-beaked and very slender. DISTRIB. AY. 

 Europe from Belgium southd., N. Africa. 



C. SETO'SA, Holler fil. ; hispid, lower leaves sinuate-toothed or runcinate- 

 pinnatifid, upper amplexicaul, peduncles slender not thickened, buds erect, 

 invol. bracts prickly, inner not enclosing the outer fruits. 

 A casual in clover fields ; fl. Aug. Biennial. Stem 1-3 ft., erect, branched 

 from the base, angled and furrowed, leafy. Leaves very variable. Peduncles 

 rigid, deeply grooved. Heads | in. diam., campanulate ; involucre contracted 

 in fruit; bracts very rigid, slender, keeled, outer subulate spreading, inner 

 linear shorter than the pappus, hardening. Fruits all slender with long 

 beaks. DISTEIB. Mid. and S. Europe. 



SUB-GEN. 3. Ara'cium, Monn. (gen.). Peduncles very slender ; buds 

 erect. Fruit slender, not beaked, many-ribbed, quite smooth. Pappus 

 of dirty-white fragile hairs. 



