246 CAMPANULACEJE. [PHYTEUMA. 



Woods and thickets, E. Sussex ; (native? Wats.)', fl. May-June. Taller and 

 more robust than P. orbicula're ; stem 2-3 ft., ribbed. Radical leaves cordate 

 at the base, ovate or oblong ; cauline'spreading and recurved. Heads 1-4 

 in., yellowish. Capsule usually 2-eelled. DISTRIB. Europe to S. Kussia. 

 Formerly cultivated and the root eaten. 



5. CAMPAN'ULA, L. 



Perennial, rarely annual herbs. Radical leaves usually petioled, cauline 

 alternate. Flowers spiked or racemed, white blue or lilac. Calyx-tube 

 ovoid or subglobose ; limb 5-fid, lobes flat or folded at the sinus. Corolla 

 campanulate or rotate, 5-lobed. Stamens 5, epigynous, filaments short, 

 bases broad dilated ; anthers linear, free. Ovary-cells 3-5, opposite the 

 sepals ; style clavate, with rows of deciduous hairs opposite the anther- 

 cells, stigmas 3-5 filiform. Capsule ovoid or turbinate, 3-5-celled, cells 

 dehiscing below the calyx-limb by pores or valves. Seeds usually flattened. 

 DISTRIB. All temp, and most trop. climates ; species about 230. 

 ETYM. campanula, from the foZZ-shaped corolla. 



* Stem-leaves linear or linear-lanceolate, usually nearly entire. Terminal 

 flower of the raceme opening first. 



1. C. rotundifo'lia, L. ; glabrous, stem angled slender, cauline leaves 

 lanceolate, upper narrow linear quite entire acute, flowers solitary or 

 racemed drooping, corolla campanulate, lobes short recurved. Hare-bell. 



Pastures, heaths, &c., N. to Shetland ; ascends to 3,500 ft. in the Highlands ; 

 Ireland ; fl. July-Sept. Glabrous or slightly pubescent. Rootstock slender. 

 Stem f-2 ft., ascending, simple or branched, sparingly leafy. Primordial 

 leaves long-petioled, broadly ovate-cordate, crenate. Pedicels slender ; bracts 

 minute or ; buds erect. Calyx-lobes erect, subulate. Corolla ^-1 in., blue, 

 sometimes white, lobes subacute. Capsule subglobose, valves basal. 

 DISTRIB. Europe (Arctic), N. Africa, N. Asia, N. America. VAR. lancifolia, 

 Koch (montana, Syme), has broader cauline leaves and subsolitary flowers ; 

 and VAR. speciosa, More, from W. Ireland, is a beautiful form with much 

 larger flowers and shorter calyx-lobes. 



2. C. Rapun'culus, L. ; hispid or glabrous, stem angled, cauline leaves 

 oblong- or obovate-lanceolate obscurely toothed, flowers panicled erect, 

 calyx-lobes very long subulate, corolla broadly campanulate 5-lobed almost 

 to the middle, lobes recurved. Rampion. 



Gravelly roadsides and hedgebanks, from Fife southd., but rare and doubtfully 

 wild ; fl. July Aug. Biennial ; root fleshy. Stem 2-3 ft., simple or branched. 

 Leaves 1-3 in., variable, sessile ; primordial broadly ovate, long-petioled. 

 Pedicels slender. Calyx-lobes 1 in. after flowering. Corolla f in., red purple 

 or blue. Capsule short, erect, valves close under the calyx-lobes. DISTRIB. 

 From Denmark southd. (excl. Greece), N. Africa, W. Siberia. 



3. C. pat'ula, L. ; scabrid, stem slender angled, cauline leaves linear 

 or lanceolate, flowers subcorymbose erect, calyx-lobes linear, corolla broadly 

 campanulate 5-lobed to the middle, lobes spreading. 



