262 PRIMULACE^. [PRIMULA. 



*"* Leaves very mealy beneath, not wrinkled. Calyx-tube terete. 



4. P. farino'sa, L. ; calyx-lobes longer than its tube a little shorter 

 than the corolla-tube, corolla-lobes lilac distant, capsule cylindric-oblong 

 twice as long as the calyx. Bird's-eye Primrose. 



Bogs and meadows from York and Lancashire to the border ; Peebles (ascends 

 to 1,800 ft.) ; fl. June-July. Leaves 1^2 in., obovate-spathulate, variable 

 in breadth, crenulate, obtuse or subacute, glabrous above, meal below white 

 or sulphur-coloured. Scape stout, 2-8 in., rarely 0. Flowers erect or 

 spreading, crowded, dimorphic ; bracts small, saccate at the base. Calyx- 

 tube oblong-obovoid, mealy ; lobes linear-oblong, obtuse. Corolla ^ | in. 

 diam. ; lobes flat, wedge-shaped, 2-fid ; mouth yellow, contracted, with 

 rounded folds. DISTRIB. Europe (Arctic), N. Asia, Tibet, Greenland, 

 N. U. States. 



5. P. sc~ot'ica, Hook. ; calyx-lobes equalling its tube much shorter than 

 the corolla-tube, corolla-lobes blue-purple contiguous, capsule shortly 

 oblong scarcely exceeding the calyx. 



Pastures in Orkney, Caithness, and Sutherland ; fl. June-Sept. Perhaps only 

 a sub-species of P.famnosa, but smaller ; bracts less saccate ; leaves broader 

 in proportion, calyx shorter and flowers homomorphie. DISTRIB. Lapland 

 (Arctic), Norway and Sweden. 



l*. CYC'LAMEN, Tournef. SOWBREAD. 



Herbs with large tuberous rootstocks. Leaves all radical, petioled, 

 broad. Scapes 1-fld., erect, naked, coiled spirally when fruiting. Flowers 

 nodding, white, pink, or lilac. Calyx 5-partite. Corolla-tube short, 

 throat thickened ; lobes 5, large, reflexed. Stamens 5, inserted at the 

 base of the corolla, included ; anthers cuspidate. Ovary globose ; style 

 short, stigma simple ; ovules many, amphitropous. Capsule 5-valved, 

 many-seeded, valves reflexed. Seeds subglobose, angled, peltate ; embryo 

 with one cotyledon. DISTRIB. S. Europe, N. Africa, "W. Asia ; species 8. 

 ETYM. KVK\OS, from the spiral peduncle. 



C. HEDER^FO'LIUM, Willd. in part ; tuber fibrous all over, leaves and 

 flowers autumnal. C. europceum, Sm. not L. ; C. neapolita'num, Tenore. 

 Hedgebanks and copses in Kent, Sussex ; (a denizen, Wats.) ; fl. Sept. 

 Tuber 1-3 in. diam., turnip-shaped. Leaves appearing after the flowers, 

 ovate-cordate, crenulate, 5-9-angled, dark green with a whitish mottled 

 border, often purple beneath. Scapes 4-8 in. Calyx-lobes ovate-lanceolate, 

 acute. Corolla-lobes 1 in., pink, red at the base, or white (vax.ficariifolium, 

 Syme). Fruit % in. diam. DISTRIB. Central and S. Europe. Koot acrid 

 and purgative. 



2. LYSIMA'CHIA, L. LOOSE-STRIFE. 



Erect or procumbent herbs. Leaves alternate opposite or whorled, quite 

 entire, sometimes glandular-dotted. Floivers axillary or terminal, solitary 

 raceined or spiked, yellow (British sp.). Calyx 5-6-partite. Corolla 

 rotate ; segments 5-6, spreading or conniving. Stamens 5-6, inserted on 



