CAREX.] CYPERACE^. 453 



Aberdeen Alps, alt. 3,600. ft., very rare ; fl. Aug. Rootstock tufted ; stolons 

 short. Stems 6-10 in., 3-quetrous, often curved below, smooth or scabrid 

 above. Leaves ^-^ in. broad. Spikelets | in. ovoid. Glumes few, broad, 

 dark brown, midrib green, edges white. Periyynia red-brown. Fruit 

 obovoid. DISTRIB. Arctic and Alpine Europe, N. Asia, N. America. 



19. C. elonga'ta, L. ; slender, leaves narrow, spike slender, spikelets 

 many close, perigynia elliptic-lanceolate biconvex ribbed much exceeding 

 the ovate acute glumes, beak subulate entire decurved. 



Wet copses and marshes, from York to Sussex and Kent ; Lough Neagh ; fl. 

 June. Rootstock tufted, matted ; stolons 0. Stems very many, 1-2 ft., 

 3-quetrous, scabrid, graceful, leafy. Leaves longer than the stems, flaccid, 

 flat, yo~^ i n - broad. Spike 1-2J in. ; bracts 0. Spikelets erect or spreading, 

 lower rarely distant. Glumes red-brown, midrib green, edges white. Peri- 

 yynia pale, sessile, spreading, strongly ribbed, gradually narrowed into the 

 beak. Fruit oblong, obtuse, plano-convex. DISTRIB. Europe (Arctic), 

 N. Asia, N.W. America. 



SECTION 3. Spikelets 2-6, short, ovoid, approximate, all subsimilar, 

 2-4 lower wholly female, upper male at the base only (rarely at the top 

 or throughout). Lowest bract foliaceous, sheath very short or 0. 

 Stigmas 3: 



20. C. Buxbaum'ii, Wahl. ; leaves narrow, sheath-edges filamentous, 

 spikelets 3-5 subsessile, perigynia green ellipsoid nerved larger than the 

 lanceolate dark glume, beak 0. C. polyg'ama, Schk. 



Stony banks, Lough Neagh ; fl. July. Rootstock short, creeping, stoloniferous. 

 Stems 1-2 ft., rigid, 3-quetrous, leafy below. Leaves flat, ^-\ in. broad ; 

 sheaths red-brown, rigid. Lower bracts leafy, often exceeding the spike. 

 Spikelets ^- in., obtuse, conspicuous from the small dark glumes and large 

 broad imbricating perigynia. Glumes rounded, mucronate acuminate or 

 awned, dark red-brown, midrib green. Periyynia plano-convex, mouth 

 2-fid, ribs slender. Nut obovoid, 3-quetrous, brown, covered with white 

 dots. DISTRIB. Arctic and Alpine Europe, N. Asia, N. America, Australian 

 Alps. 



21. C. alpi'na, Swartz ; leaves short flat, spikelets 2-4 sessile subglobose, 

 perigynia ovoid nerveless much larger than the ovate acute blackish 

 glumes, beak very short notched scabrid. C. Vahl'ii, Schk. 



Rocky mts., Aberdeen, Forfar, alt, 2,400-2,600 ft. ; fl. Aug. Rootstock with 

 short stolons. Stem 6-18 in., subsolitary, rigid, 3-quetrous, smooth or 

 scaberulous above. Leaves short, recurved |- in. broad. Spikelets J-Jin., 

 close, lateral subhorizontal black ; bract slender. Glumes crowded, sub- 

 acute, broad, without a green midrib. Periyynia broad, yellow-browu, 

 scaberulous. Nut ellipsoid or ovoid, 3-quetrous, pale. DISTRIB. Arctic 

 and Alpine Europe, N. Asia, Himalaya, N. America. 



22. C. atra'ta, L. ; leaves broad, spikelets 4-6 pedicelled inclined 

 subcylindric, perigynia suborbicular 3-gonous compressed smooth larger 

 than the ovate subacute blackish glumes, beak short slender smooth. 



