CAREX.] CYPERACE^. 455 



scabrid above. Leaves ^-^ in. diam., long, flaccid ; leafless sheaths long, 

 strict, red-brown, shining. JSracts 0, or variable. Spikelets -2 in., erect, 

 cylindric ; males 1-2, slender ; females 1-3, sometimes male above, stout. 

 Glumes in about 8 rows, pitchy, midrib green ; of the male very narrow, 

 subacute. Nut oblong. DISTRIB. Europe, N. Africa, N. America. 



tt Leaves with incurved or involute margins (best seen when dry}. 



26. C. triner'vis, Dcgl. ; rigid, leaves narrow, female spikelets 2-3 

 sessile oblong or cylindric, perigynia oblong compressed smooth 3-5- 

 nerved, dotted equalling the dark obtuse glumes, beak very short. 



Wet sandy places on the Norfolk coast ; fl. July- Aug. A stout short species 

 with long scaly rootstocks and stolons; roots very stout. Stems 6-10 in., 

 erect or curved, smooth, 3-gouous. Leaves equalling or exceeding the stem, 

 smooth, keeled ; sheaths not fibrous. Spikelets |-1 in., close ; lower bract 

 slender, stiff, exceeding the spikelet, not sheathing. Glumes brown, midrib 

 green. Periyynia stipitate, yellow, rarely orbicular. Fruit lenticular, brown, 

 punctate. DISTRIB. Shores of N.W. Europe. 



27. C. aquat'ilis, Wahl. ; stem stiff, leaves long erect flat, spikelets 

 3-6 cylindric, perigynia snborbicular compressed pale smooth nerveless 

 rather larger than the dark obtuse glumes, beak short smooth or 0. 



Bogs and marshes in Scotland, from the Border to Caithness, rare ; ascends to 

 3,300 ft. ; fl. June-Aug. Rootstock tufted, creeping, stoloniferous. Stems 

 10-24 in., 3-gonous, stout, polished, leafy below. Leaves - in. broad ; 

 sheaths all leafing, not filamentous. Spikelets 1-2| in., slender, lower 

 usually pedicelled ; males 1-3, more slender and pale ; bracts long, leafy. 

 Glumes oblong or ovate, midrib bright green, margins not pale. Periyynia 

 much compressed, very pale brown. Fruit variable, ovoid obovoid or 

 orbicular, lenticular or 3-quetrous. DISTRIB. Scandinavia (Arctic), 

 Greenland, N. America. 



C. aquat'ilis proper (including var. mi' nor ^ Boott) ; stem scaberulous abova, 

 bracts long, spikelets large pale. High mts. VAR. Watso'ni, Syme ; 

 stems shorter smooth, leaves narrower, bracts shorter, spikelet smaller, 

 glumes darker purple brown. The lowland form. 



28. C. Goodeno'vii, Gay; leaves very narrow erect, spikelets 3 -5 sub- 

 sessile short, perigynia suborbicular plano-convex nerved below larger than 

 the obtuse dark glumes, beak very short terete smooth. C. ccespito'sa, 

 Sin. ; C. vulga'ris, Fries. 



Marshes and wet meadows, N to Shetland ; ascends to nearly 3,000 ft. ; 

 Ireland; Channel Islands; fl. May-July. Rootstock tufted or creeping, 

 sometimes extensively. Stems 6-24 in., 3-quetrous, scaberulous above, rigid, 

 short and curved or long slender and erect. Leaves sometimes very slender, 

 T V~To in. broad, at others short, recurved, in. broad. Spikelets ^ 1 in., erect, 

 close or rather distant. Glumes imbricate, concolorous, or midrib green. 

 Periyynia usually obtuse, green or olive, sometimes pitchy, much com- 

 pressed, nerves slender, sometimes confined to the base. Nut orbicular, 

 lenticular, rarely 3-quetrous. DISTRIB. Europe (Arctic), N. America. 



C, Gibso'ni, Bab. ; glumes shorter than the more elongate acute fruit 



