CAREX.] CYPERACE^. 465 



exceeding the obovate-lanceolate scarious-tlpped glumes, beak very slender 

 2-cuspidate smooth. 0. rostra'ta, Stokes (an earlier name). 

 Marshes and bogs, N. to Shetland ; ascends to 2,700 ft. in the Highlands ; 

 Ireland ; fl. June. Rootstock tufted and creeping. Stem 1-2 ft., 3-gonous. 

 smooth, angles obtuse. Male spikelets 2-3, slender, sometimes fern, at the 

 base ; female 2-4, 1-2J in., sessile or pedicelled, inclined, often squarrose, 

 dense-fld. ; bracts overtopping the stem, sheath 0. Glumes much as in C. 

 vesica'ria, and perigynia similar and shining, but much smaller, yellow- 

 brown, |- in., as broad as long, 3-quetrous, horizontal or deflexed when 

 ripe, abruptly contracted into the long beak. Nut obovoid, yellow. 

 DISTRLB. Europe (Arctic), Siberia, Himalaya, N. America. 



58. C. Pseu'docype'rus, L. ; stout, leaves broad, male spikelets soli- 

 tary, female very long-pedicelled drooping cylindric, perigynia stipitate 

 spreading elliptic-lanceolate ribbed green equalling the narrow awned 

 glumes, beak very long smooth 2-cuspidate. 



Banks of rivers, lakes, &c., from Elgin and Isla to Kent and Devon ; rare in 

 Ireland ; fl. June. Rootstock tufted. Stems 1-3 ft., 3-quetrous, scabrid. 

 Leaves J jj? in., flat, scabrid. Spikelets towards the top of the stem ; male 

 slender, 2-3 in., pale, often female at the top ; female 4-5, 2-3 in., sub- 

 squarrose, pale green ; pedicels capillary, curved, sometimes 4 in. ; bracts 

 overtopping the stem, very broad, sheath 0. Glumes small, lanceolate or 

 subulate, awn serrate. Perigynia \ in., slender, horizontal or deflexed, 

 3-gonous, shining, ribs many close ; beak rigid, pungent, deeply split. 

 Fruit pale, 3-gonous ; style persistent. DISTRIB. Europe, temp. N. and 

 S. Africa, Asia, America, Australia. 



59. C. paludo'sa, Good. ; tall, stout, leaves broad glaucous, male 

 spikelets stout, anthers mucronate, female erect dark cylindric, perigynia 

 ovoid ribbed exceeding the lanceolate awned glumes, beak short 2-toothed. 

 G. acu'ta, Curt., not L. 



Kiver-banks and ditches, from Ross southd. ; ascends to 1,200 ft. in North- 

 umbd. ; Ireland, local ; fl. May-June. Rootstock creeping, stoloniferous. 

 Stems 2-3 ft., 3-quetrous, scabrid. Leaves erect, J-J in., flat, sheath some- 

 times leafless, edges filamentous. Bracts erect, long, broad. Spikelets 

 rather c n cs, ; male 2-3, 1^-2 in., dark brown, base sometimes fern. ; female 

 shortly pedicelled. Glumes of male fl. obtuse, brown with hyaline tips, 

 upper cuspidate ; of fern, cuspidate. Perigynia 3-gonous, gradually nar- 

 rowed into the beak, angles acute, upper part granulate. Stic/mas 2 or 3. 

 Fruit lenticular or 3-quetrous. DISTRIB. Europe, N. Africa, W. Siberia, 

 N.W. India, N. America. YAR. C. spadice'a, Roth., has the female glumes 

 with a serrulate awn. 



60. C. ripa'ria, Curtis; tall, stout, leaves very broad, male spikelets 

 stout, anthers cuspidate, female long stout cylindric, perigynia ovoid 

 ribbed a little exceeding the ovate-oblong cuspidate glumes, beak short 

 2-toothed. 



River-banks and ditches, from Banff and Dumbarton southd. ; losal in 

 Ireland ; Channel Islands ; fl. May. Much the largest British species, 3-5 



H H 



