EXERCISE 121 



When the ovary ripens into a seed-carrier, the ovary and certain other parts of the flower may grow 

 together and form the fruit. 



Problem. What structures besides the ovary are represented in the fruit ? 



What to use. Several different kinds of fruits, including fleshy fruits, pods, grains, berries, etc. ; 

 knife ; magnifying glass. 



What to do. Examine the fruits carefully (first externally, then in cross and longitudinal sections), 

 to discover how much originated from the ovary or other part of the pistil and what remains of the 

 receptacle, of the calyx, etc. 



NOTE. In the composite family (to which the sunflowers belong), as well as in some other families of plants, there is 

 sometimes formed a group of leaflike scales at the base of the flower cluster. This involucre in many cases becomes fused 

 into a more or less adherent part of the fruit. 



Record. Make a list of the fruits studied, and opposite each tell (i) what parts of the plant have 

 become part of the fruit, and (2) what functions are probably performed by each part. 



NAME OF FRUIT 



PARTS OF PLANT OR OTHER STRUCTURES 

 PRESENT IN FRUIT 



FUNCTIONS OF THE DIFFERENT PARTS 



Questions. 1. What changes take place in the ripening of a fruit that are of value to the plant or 

 to the species ? 



2. What changes take place in the ripening of fruits that make certain ones of value to man ? 



3. What are some of the uses to which we put fruits ? 



4. What are some important differences between wild and domesticated fruits ? 



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