GROUP II. BRYOPHYTA : MDSCI. 



371 



Sub-Tribe PLEUROCARP1E : Archegonia (and subsequently the sporogonia) 

 borne terminally on short lateral branches. The following are the principal 

 families and genera : 



Fam. 18. Fontinalacea : Fontinalis. 



,, 19. Neckeracecs : Neckera, Leptodon, Leucodon. 

 ,, 20. Hookeriacete : Daltonia, Hookeria. 

 21. Fabromacea : Fabronia, Anacamptodon, Myrinia. 

 22. Thuidiacea : Leskea, Thuidium. 



23. Hypnacea: Climacium, Bracbythecium, Hypnum, Hylocomium, 

 Eurhyncbium. 



The following are among the more familiar species of acrocarpous Mosses : 



Dicranum scoparium, with sickle-shaped leaves, is common in woods. Leuco- 

 b'yum glaucum has leaves consisting of several layers of cells, which resemble 

 those of Sphagnum in their structure ; it occurs in 

 Pine-woods and on moors. Ceratodon purpureus, 

 with a red seta and a short stem, is very common 

 in various localities. Barbula muralis grows in 

 patches on walls and rocks ; the midrib of the 

 leaves is prolonged into a bair, so that the patches 

 of Moss look greyish. Tetraphis pcllucida has bright 

 green leaves ; it grows on decayed tree-trunks, and 

 bears gemmae of peculiar form. Grimmia pulvinata 

 occurs on walls and stones in round greyish-green 

 patches ; the capsules have very short setae. Ortho- 

 trichum affiiie and other species have also shortly- 

 stalked capsules, and are common on trees. Funa- 

 ria Ityyrometrica (Figs. 251-3) has an oblique, pear- 

 shaped capsule ; the long setae have the peculiarity 

 of contracting into a spiral on being wetted and 

 dried ; it is common on walls and paths. Poly- 

 tiicJium formosuni (Fig. 254) and other species are 

 the largest of our indigenous acrocarpous Mosses ; 

 they have large dark green leaves and long hairy 

 calyptrffl and are common in woods and on heaths. 



The following are among the more familiar species 

 of pleurocarpous Mosses : 



Fontinalis antipyretica floats in water. Neckera 

 crispa, with flat outspreading leaves, grows on rocks. 

 Thuidium abietinum and other species grow on 

 banks and in woods ; they have regular, pinnately 

 branched stems, and very small, close'ly-set leaves. 

 Leucodon sciuroides is common on tree-trunks. 

 Brachythficium rutabulum is common in woods. 

 EurJtyiichium praloiifjnm, with long creeping stems, 

 occurs in woods and damp gardens. Hypnum cupressiforme is very common 

 on tree-trunks, and H. cuspidatum and giganteum in bogs and ditches. Hylo- 

 comiu.ni triquetrum is very commonly used for garlands ; this and H. splendens, 

 with remarkably regular ramification, are both common in woods. 



FIG. 254. Two plants of 

 Polytrichum formosum bear- 

 ing eporogonia (nat. size). 

 fc The capsule; 8 the seta; 

 c calyptra. 



