552 PART III. THE CLASSIFICATION OF PLANTS. 



the perigynium. In Kobresia (Elyna) the second bract is not tubular, and 

 therefore does not completely invest the ovary. In consequence of there being 

 a second bract, the odd carpel of the trimerous gynseceurn is posterior : when 

 the gynseceum is dimerous, the two carpels are lateral. 



The genus Carex, the Sedge, contains numerous species which grow mostly 

 in damp localities ; they have stiff leaves with sharp or saw like edges. Only a 

 few of them are dioecious (G. dioica, scirpoidea) : in most the J and $ in- 

 florescences occur on the same axis. In one large section of them the two 

 kinds of flowers occur on the same spike which is either $ at the base and ? 

 at the top, or vice versa. When this is the case the axis bears either only one 

 terminal spike, as in Carex pulicaris and C. pauciflora, or several spikes 

 forming a capitulum at the apex, as in C. cyperoides, or a spike or a panicle, 

 as in G. muricata, arcnaria, and paniculata. In a second section, on the other 

 hand, each spike is monosporangiate, and then the $ spike is almost always 

 terminal on the axis and the ? lateral, as in Carex acuta, glauca, prcecox, 

 digitata,flava, and paludosa. 



Cohort 2. Restiales. Ovary usually multilocular ; a single 

 orthotropous and suspended ovule in each loculus ; hence in the 

 seed the radicle of the embryo is directed away from the hilum 

 (enantioblastic) . Flowers monosporangiate, rarely ambisporangiate, 

 with bracts : floral formula K'3, (73, ^3 + 3, Cr(3), but occasionally 

 some of the members are wanting. 



Order 1. ERIOCAULONACEJE. Flowers monosporangiate, in 

 capitula, often monoecious in the same capitulum, or rarely 

 dioecious : stamens generally in two whorls, anthers generally 

 bilocular : ovary 2-3-locular : seed ribbed. 



Eriocaiilon sfptangulare, the Jointed Pipewort, occurs in the Hebrides and 

 on the west coast of Ireland : other genera mostly tropical : generally marsh- 

 plants. 



Order 2. RESTIACEJ:. Flowers usually dioecious by suppression, 

 in spikes : only the inner whorl of stamens is present, anthers 

 frequently bilocular : ovary 1-3-locular : seed smooth or tubercu- 

 late. 



These are grass-like sub-tropical plants living in the southern hemisphere. 

 This order includes the group CentrolepidaceaB (Desvauxiacere, Lindl.) ; in these 

 the perianth is much reduced, the $ flower probably has only one stamen, and 

 the $ one or more monomerous ovaries. 



